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Organic solvents are almost always used as a mixture with water for process considerations such as reducing the vapour pressure and lowering the pH in order to also solubilise hemicellulose. Only some small organosolv pulp mills are run today for production of pulp from annual renewable non wood fibre sources like straw, bagasse, etc. [8]
The lignin also makes the pulp turn yellow when exposed to light and air. Mechanical pulps are used in the production of non-permanent papers such as newsprint and catalog papers. Mechanical pulps made up 20% to 25% of the world production and this is increasing because of the high yield of the process and increasing competition for fiber ...
The process is called ... for about 5–10 percent of global pulp production, ... in some applications alternatives to paper made from wood pulp, ...
The kraft process (also known as kraft pulping or sulfate process) is a process for conversion of wood into wood pulp, which consists of almost pure cellulose fibres, the main component of paper. The kraft process involves treatment of wood chips with a hot mixture of water, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and sodium sulfide (Na 2 S), known as white ...
This substitution produces pulp with physical properties that are well suited for printing and notebook paper, tissue products, boxes, and newspapers. [2] It can also be used for making boards resembling plywood or particle board, known called bagasse boards and Xanita boards. These are widely used in the production of partitions and furniture.
Tree-free paper, also known as no tree paper, offers an alternative to traditional wood-pulp paper [1] due to its unique raw material [2] composition. This type of paper is considered more eco-friendly especially when evaluating its entire life cycle. Sources of fiber for tree-free paper [3] [4] [5]
A precursor to the soda pulping process was the paper making process developed by Matthias Koops in 1801 which involved washing wood shavings in limewater, adding soda crystals and then boiling the mixture. [2] Soda pulping was one of the first chemical pulping methods and was invented in 1851 by Burgess (United States) and Watts (England).
Dissolving pulp is mainly produced chemically from pulpwood in a process that has a low yield (30 - 35% of the wood). This makes up of about 85 - 88% of the production. [2] Dissolving pulp is made from the sulfite process or the kraft process with an acid prehydrolysis step to remove hemicelluloses. For the highest quality, it should be derived ...