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Sandhya Ravi (2015), Color Culture and Identity: Influence of Colors on Kerala Mural Art. IJASOS- International E-Journal of Advances in Social Sciences, Vol. I, Issue 3, December 2015; Poyil, M. (2011). THODIKALAM MURAL PAINTINGS: FEATURES, MEANINGS AND TECHNIQUES. Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, 72, 1239-1246. Bernier, R. M. (1982).
The Agama texts describe twenty-five forms of Shiva, offering specifications in which the deity is to be represented. For each form, the attire, ornaments, posture, weapons, as well as the other accessories associated with the form are described, along with associated deities and objects. [4]
Raja Balwant Singh’s Vision of Krishna and Radha by Nainsukh. Jasrota, c. 1745-1750. Metropolitan Museum of Art. The Kangra art style originated in Guler State, a small hill princely state in the Lower Himalayas in the first half of the 18th century when a family of Kashmiri painters trained in the Mughal painting style sought shelter at the court of Raja Dalip Singh (r. 1695–1741) of Guler.
Rudra's identification with Shiva was put in writing for the first time in Shvetashvatara Upanishad and later in Yajurveda linked Taittiriya Samhita (S.4.5.1), in the Shata Rudriya section. The Vajasneya samhita (S. 3.63) also co-equals Shiva with Rudra by citing the mantra, “ tam Shiva namasi”, meaning “I bow to you, Shiva”.
It is the function of Prakṛti (nature, consort of Shiva) and Parā Śaktī. This face of Śiva is Buddhi rūpa (Intellect) and it represents Pūrṇagiri Pīṭha. Banaliṅgam. There are one billion mantras trying to describe this face of Śiva. The direction of this face is South and it is smoky (Dhumra varṇa) in color.
The deity Shiva is sometimes represented in his panchamukha aspect, each connoting one of his attributes: [11] [12] His upward face is called iśānam, and represents knowledge and nature. It is supposed to be depicted in a copper hue. His eastern face is called tatpuruṣam, and represents the organs of touch and action.
The version appearing in Book 13 (Anuśāsanaparvan) of the Mahabharata provides one such list. [a] Shiva also has Dasha-Sahasranamas (10,000 names) that are found in the Mahanyasa. The Shri Rudram Chamakam, also known as the Śatarudriya, is a devotional hymn to Shiva hailing him by many names. [55] [56]
The name Ardhanarishvara means "the Lord Who is half woman." Ardhanarishvara is also known by other names like Ardhanaranari ("the half man-woman"), Ardhanarisha ("the Lord who is half woman"), Ardhanarinateshvara ("the Lord of Dance (Who is half-woman), [1] [2] Parangada, [3] Naranari ("man-woman"), Ammaiyappan (a Tamil Name meaning "Mother-Father"), [4] and Ardhayuvatishvara (in Assam, "the ...