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Scarification is often done mechanically, thermally, and chemically. The seeds of many plant species are often impervious to water and gases, thus preventing or delaying germination. Any process designed to make the testa (seed coat) more permeable to water and gases is known as scarification.
The fast germination enables the plant to develop before the next flooding takes place. [1] After the faster first phase, the plant develops more slowly than plants that show hypogeal germination. It is possible that within the same genus one species shows epigeal germination while another species shows hypogeal germination. Some genera in ...
It is a measure of germination time course and is usually expressed as a percentage, e.g., an 85% germination rate indicates that about 85 out of 100 seeds will probably germinate under proper conditions over the germination period given. Seed germination rate is determined by the seed genetic composition, morphological features and ...
This treatment may be seed scarification, stratification, seed soaking or seed cleaning with cold (or medium hot) water. Seed soaking is generally done by placing seeds in medium hot water for at least 24 to up to 48 hours [ 2 ] Seed cleaning is done especially with fruit, as the flesh of the fruit around the seed can quickly become prone to ...
Seed vigor is a measure of the quality of seed, and involves the viability of the seed, the germination percentage, germination rate, and the strength of the seedlings produced. [ 47 ] The germination percentage is simply the proportion of seeds that germinate from all seeds subject to the right conditions for growth.
True dormancy or inherent (or innate) dormancy is caused by conditions within the seed that prevent germination even if the conditions are favorable. [7] Imposed dormancy is caused by the external conditions that remain unsuitable for germination [8] Seed dormancy can be divided into two major categories based on what part of the seed produces dormancy: exogenous and endogenous. [9]
Over time, seeds lose viability, which is the ability to initiate metabolic activity, cellular growth, and germination. Seeds have many cells and tissues that die over time, [ 1 ] and these deaths can be delayed or increased by environmental conditions the seed experiences.
The karrikins and water can provide a 'wake-up call' for such seeds, triggering germination of the soil seed bank. The plants that depend on karrikins to grow are known as "fire-followers", [1] they emerge grow quickly, flower and produce new seeds, which fall to the ground. These seeds can remain in the soil for decades, until the next fire ...