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A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means precisely or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. [2] For example, in the English language, the words begin, start, commence, and initiate are all synonyms of one another: they are synonymous. The standard test for synonymy is substitution: one form can be ...
A thesaurus (pl.: thesauri or thesauruses), sometimes called a synonym dictionary or dictionary of synonyms, is a reference work which arranges words by their meanings (or in simpler terms, a book where one can find different words with similar meanings to other words), [1] [2] sometimes as a hierarchy of broader and narrower terms, sometimes simply as lists of synonyms and antonyms.
The user of a metaphor alters the reference of the word, "carrying" it from one semantic "realm" to another. The new meaning of the word might derive from an analogy between the two semantic realms, but also from other reasons such as the distortion of the semantic realm - for example in sarcasm.
[22] [23] [24] In other fields, the eponym derivative is commonly capitalized, for example, Newtonian in physics, [25] [26] and Platonic in philosophy (however, use lowercase platonic when describing love). [15] The capitalization is retained after a prefix and hyphen, e.g. non-Newtonian. [15] For examples, see the comparison table below.
A definition states the meaning of a word using other words. This is sometimes challenging. Common dictionaries contain lexical descriptive definitions, but there are various types of definition – all with different purposes and focuses. A definition is a statement of the meaning of a term (a word, phrase, or other set of symbols).
In other words, Isocrates proposes here that metaphor is a distinctive feature of poetic language because it conveys the experience of the world afresh and provides a kind of defamiliarisation in the way the citizens perceive the world. [32] Democritus described metonymy by saying, "Metonymy, that is the fact that words and meaning change."
Epizeuxis: repetition of a single word, with no other intervening words. Hendiadys: use of two nouns to express an idea when it normally would consist of an adjective and a noun. Hendiatris: use of three nouns to express one idea. Homeoteleuton: words with the same ending. Hypallage: a transferred epithet from a conventional choice of wording. [9]
Semantics studies meaning in language, which is limited to the meaning of linguistic expressions. It concerns how signs are interpreted and what information they contain. An example is the meaning of words provided in dictionary definitions by giving synonymous expressions or paraphrases, like defining the meaning of the term ram as adult male sheep. [22]