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The main purpose of chemical nomenclature is to disambiguate the spoken or written names of chemical compounds: each name should refer to one compound. Secondarily, each compound should have only one name, although in some cases some alternative names are accepted. Preferably, the name should also represent the structure or chemistry of a compound.
IUPAC nomenclature is used for the naming of chemical compounds, based on their chemical composition and their structure. [1] For example, one can deduce that 1-chloropropane has a Chlorine atom on the first carbon in the 3-carbon propane chain.
In chemistry, a number of prefixes, suffixes and infixes are used to describe the type and position of the functional groups in the compound. The steps for naming an organic compound are: [5] Identification of the most senior group. If more than one functional group, if any, is present, the one with highest group precedence should be used.
This is a difference from organic compound naming and substitutive naming where chlorine is treated as neutral and it becomes chloro, as in PCl 3, which can be named as either substitutively or additively as trichlorophosphane or trichloridophosphorus respectively. Similarly if the anion names end in -ite, -ate then the ligand names are -ito, -ato.
The names "caffeine" and "3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione" both signify the same chemical compound.The systematic name encodes the structure and composition of the caffeine molecule in some detail, and provides an unambiguous reference to this compound, whereas the name "caffeine" simply names it.
The Americans also wished to name element 106 seaborgium. This naming dispute ran from the 1970s (when the elements were discovered) to the 1990s, when the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) created a tentative list of the element names for elements 104 to 109. The Americans, however, refused to agree with these names ...
For groups of compounds named after a simple parent compound, articles about the group should be located at the plural of the parent compound name, e.g. hydrazines, silanes, boranes, diphosphenes. Similarly, salts and esters of carboxylic acids should collectively be referred to by the plural of the carboxylate.
The name DuPhos is derived from the chemical company that developed this type of ligand (DuP, DuPont) and the compound class of phospholanes (Phos) it belongs to. FOOF: Dioxygen difluoride, O 2 F 2, an extremely unstable compound which reacts explosively with most other substances – the nickname "FOOF" is a play on its formula. [47] Furfuryl ...