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aP2 (adipocyte Protein 2) [5] is a carrier protein for fatty acids that is primarily expressed in adipocytes and macrophages. aP2 is also called fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4). Blocking this protein either through genetic engineering or drugs [6] has the possibility of treating heart disease and the metabolic syndrome. [7]
All proton pump inhibitors except for rabeprazole and pantoprazole are metabolized by the hepatic CYP450 enzyme and therefore, may interact with the metabolism of clopidogrel. Omeprazole is considered to have higher potential for drug-drug interaction than other protein pump inhibitors because it is a CYP2C19 inhibitor. [17]
Adiponectin is a protein hormone that modulates a number of metabolic processes, including glucose regulation and fatty acid oxidation. [10] [11] [12] Adiponectin is secreted from adipose tissue (and also from the placenta in pregnancy [13]) into the bloodstream and is very abundant in plasma relative to many hormones.
Adipocyte FABP (A-FABP): Located in adipose tissue, A-FABP plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism, including the storage and release of fatty acids in adipocytes. Intestinal FABP (I-FABP): Found in the intestine, I-FABP is essential for the absorption and transport of dietary fatty acids.
The adipokines, or adipocytokines (Greek adipo-, fat; cytos-, cell; and -kinos, movement) are cytokines (cell signaling proteins) secreted by adipose tissue.Some contribute to an obesity-related low-grade state of inflammation or to the development of metabolic syndrome, a constellation of diseases including, but not limited to, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. [1]
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with selective activity against RET, VEGFR-2 and EGFR: Medullary thyroid cancer. Diarrhoea, hypertension, QT interval prolongation, depression, electrolyte anomalies, hypothyroidism and GI perforation (uncommon). 2.3 mTOR inhibitors: Everolimus: PO: mTOR inhibitor.
β2 receptors are found in vascular and bronchial smooth muscle. β3 receptors, which are presumed to be involved in fatty acid metabolism, are located in the adipocytes. [15] Figure 2: GPCR cycle. G-protein coupled receptors consist of single polypeptide chains of 300-600 amino acids and span the plasma membrane seven times. [16]
The H 2 receptor antagonists are a class of drugs used to block the action of histamine on parietal cells in the stomach, decreasing the production of acid by these cells. H 2 antagonists are used in the treatment of dyspepsia, although they have been surpassed in popularity by the more effective [1] proton pump inhibitors.