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Louis Pasteur ForMemRS (/ ˈ l uː i p æ ˈ s t ɜːr /, French: [lwi pastœʁ] ⓘ; 27 December 1822 – 28 September 1895) was a French chemist, pharmacist, and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization, the last of which was named after him.
Notable contributors to the theory include Justus Von Liebig and Louis Pasteur, the latter of whom developed a purely microbial basis for the fermentation process based on his experiments. Pasteur's work on fermentation later led to his development of the germ theory of disease, which put the concept of spontaneous generation to rest. [1]
Production of Liquid oxygen by Louis Paul Cailletet in 1877 (at the same time but with another method than Raoul Pictet). [49] Artificial silk by Hilaire de Chardonnet in 1884. [50] Chamberland filter, also known as a Pasteur–Chamberland filter, a porcelain water filter invented by Charles Chamberland in 1884. [51] Fluorine by Henri Moissan ...
In 1867, Louis Pasteur became a chemistry professor at the Sorbonne, though he continued to study silkworms until 1870, he became curious as to what could cure disease. [50] Pasteur wanted to discover if his work had greater applications than improving alcohol production and diagnosing silkworms.
Physical chemistry: Mikhail Lomonosov (1711–1765) The first to read lectures in physical chemistry and coin the term (1752). Jacobus van 't Hoff (1852–1911) Jacobus van 't Hoff is considered one of the founders of the discipline of physical chemistry. His work helped found the discipline as it is today. [71] [72] [73] Svante Arrhenius (1859 ...
1864 – Louis Pasteur disproved the spontaneous generation of cellular life. 1865 – Gregor Mendel demonstrated in pea plants that inheritance follows definite rules. The Principle of Segregation states that each organism has two genes per trait, which segregate when the organism makes eggs or sperm.
1861: Louis Pasteur: Germ theory. 1861: John Tyndall: Experiments in Radiant Energy that reinforced the Greenhouse effect. 1864: James Clerk Maxwell: Theory of electromagnetism. 1865: Gregor Mendel: Mendel's laws of inheritance, basis for genetics. 1865: Rudolf Clausius: Definition of entropy.
He made Fischer projections to show their three-dimensional structures. He was awarded the second Nobel Prize in chemistry, 1902 "in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his work on sugar and purine syntheses.". [19] [20] 1890 Poulson Contributions to the knowledge of the pharmacological group of cocaine [21] 1894