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The Portable Document Format (PDF) was created by Adobe Systems, introduced at the Windows and OS/2 Conference in January 1993 and remained a proprietary format until it was released as an open standard in 2008. Since then, it has been under the control of an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) committee of industry experts.
ENIAC Short Code [1] 1948 Plankalkül (year of concept publication) Konrad Zuse: none (unique language) 1949 EDSAC Initial Orders: David Wheeler: ENIAC coding system 1949 Short Code (originally known as Brief Code) John Mauchly and William F. Schmitt ENIAC Short Code Year Name Chief developer, company Predecessor(s)
This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file.
Converts PDF to other file format (text, images, html). pstoedit: GNU GPL: Yes Yes Unix Yes Converts PostScript to (other) vector graphics file format. QPDF: Apache License 2.0: Yes Yes Yes Structural, content-preserving transformations from PDF to PDF. Scribus: GNU GPL: Yes Yes Yes Unix, GNU/Hurd, Haiku, OS/2 Yes
A PDF file is organized using ASCII characters, except for certain elements that may have binary content. The file starts with a header containing a magic number (as a readable string) and the version of the format, for example %PDF-1.7. The format is a subset of a COS ("Carousel" Object Structure) format. [24]
By opening up a radically new platform for computer systems, the Internet created an opportunity for new languages to be adopted. In particular, the JavaScript programming language rose to popularity because of its early integration with the Netscape Navigator web browser. Various other scripting languages achieved widespread use in developing ...
File input and output (I/O) is not part of the C language itself but instead is handled by libraries (such as the C standard library) and their associated header files (e.g. stdio.h). File handling is generally implemented through high-level I/O which works through streams. A stream is from this perspective a data flow that is independent of ...
Led team that defined a simple text file format for Internet host names, which became the Domain Name System; her group became the naming authority for the top-level domains of .mil, .gov, .edu, .org, and .com 1943 Flowers, Tommy: Designed and built the Mark I Colossus computer, the world's first programmable, digital, electronic, computing devices