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Benzenesulfonic acid (conjugate base benzenesulfonate) is an organosulfur compound with the formula C 6 H 6 O 3 S. It is the simplest aromatic sulfonic acid . It forms white deliquescent sheet crystals or a white waxy solid that is soluble in water and ethanol , slightly soluble in benzene and insoluble in nonpolar solvents like diethyl ether .
In organic chemistry, the desulfonation reaction is the hydrolysis of sulfonic acids: [1] RC 6 H 4 SO 3 H + H 2 O → RC 6 H 5 + H 2 SO 4. The reaction applied to aryl and naphthylsulfonic acids. It is the reverse of sulfonation. [2] The temperature of desulfonation correlates with the ease of the sulfonation.
CAS number C 10 H 16 N 2 O 8: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) 6381–92–6 C 12 H 22 O 11: sucrose: 57–50–1 C 18 H 29 O 3 S: sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate: 2155–30–0 C 20 H 25 N 30: Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) 50–37–3 C 123 H 193 N 35 O 37: Common serum albumin (macromolecule) 9048–49–1 Ca(AlH 4) 2: calcium ...
p-Toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA, pTSA, or pTsOH) or tosylic acid (TsOH) is an organic compound with the formula CH 3 C 6 H 4 SO 3 H. It is a white extremely hygroscopic solid that is soluble in water, alcohols, and other polar organic solvents. [6] The CH 3 C 6 H 4 SO 2 group is known as the tosyl group and is often abbreviated as Ts or Tos.
In the most common route benzene is alkylated by long chain monoalkenes (e.g. dodecene) using hydrogen fluoride as a catalyst. [9] The purified dodecylbenzenes (and related derivatives) are then sulfonated with sulfur trioxide to give the sulfonic acid. [10] The sulfonic acid is subsequently neutralized with sodium hydroxide. [1]
An early method for producing phenol involved the base hydrolysis of sodium benzenesulfonate, which can be generated readily from benzene. [15] C 6 H 5 SO 3 Na + NaOH → C 6 H 5 OH + Na 2 SO 3. The conditions for this reaction are harsh, however, requiring 'fused alkali' or molten sodium hydroxide at 350 °C for benzenesulfonic acid itself. [16]
The compound is prepared by the chlorsulfonation of benzene: C 6 H 6 + 2SHO 3 SCl → C 6 H 5 SO 2 Cl + HCl + SO 3. Benzenesulfonic acid is an intermediate in this conversion. Diphenylsulfone is a side product. Benzenesulfonyl chloride can also be prepared by treating benzenesulfonate salts with phosphorus oxychloride. [2]
Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (C 6 H 3 N 3 O 9 S) is a nitroaryl oxidizing acid. Due to its extreme oxidative properties, if mixed with reducing agents including hydrides , sulfides , and nitrides , it may begin a vigorous reaction that culminates in almost immediate detonation.