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Animals with highly abrasive diets, such as ruminants and equids, rarely form thick deposits and instead tend to form thin calculus deposits that often have a metallic or opalescent sheen. [31] In animals, calculus should not be confused with crown cementum , [ 32 ] a layer of calcified dental tissue that encases the tooth root underneath the ...
Submandibular stones are further classified as anterior or posterior in relation to an imaginary transverse line drawn between the mandibular first molar teeth. Stones may be radiopaque , i.e. they will show up on conventional radiographs , or radiolucent , where they not be visible on radiographs (although some of their effects on the gland ...
Examples include iron (black stain), iodine (black), copper (green), nickel (green) and cadmium (yellow-brown). [3] Antibiotics. Tetracycline and its derivatives are capable of intrinsic discoloration (discussed below). However other antibiotics may form insoluble complexes with calcium, iron and other elements that cause extrinsic staining. [11]
Remineralisation of tooth enamel involves the reintroduction of mineral ions into demineralised enamel. [21] Hydroxyapatite is the main mineral component of enamel in teeth. [22] During demineralisation, calcium and phosphorus ions are drawn out from the hydroxyapatite.
Dry your teeth, then hold a white paper towel behind them, Dr. Camacho instructs. If your teeth appear much whiter than the paper towl, then you have clear enamel. In this case, he recommends the ...
[5] [12] However, when the tooth concerned will undergo endodontic treatment such as root canal treatment, presence of large pulp stones will be clinically significant. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] Large pulp stones in the pulp chamber might block the access to canal orifices and prevent the exploring dental instruments from passaging down the canal. [ 12 ]
Chewing ice seems harmless, but dentists generally agree that the habit is really bad for your teeth. “Ice is a very hard substance," Mark Wolff, dean of the University of Pennsylvania School of ...
These deposits are commonly found on teeth or dental appliances such as orthodontic brackets. The most common way dental plaque is assessed is through dental assessment in the dental clinic where dental instruments are able to scrape up some plaque. The most common areas where patients find plaque are between the teeth and along the cervical ...