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Speech production is the process by which thoughts are translated into speech. This includes the selection of words , the organization of relevant grammatical forms, and then the articulation of the resulting sounds by the motor system using the vocal apparatus .
These temporal changes are responsible for several aspects of auditory perception, including loudness, pitch and timbre perception and spatial hearing. Complex sounds such as speech or music are decomposed by the peripheral auditory system of humans into narrow frequency bands. The resulting narrow-band signals convey information at different ...
It is assumed that a phonetotopic ordering of speech sounds as well as of syllables can be found at a supramodal speech processing level (i.e. at a phonetic speech processing level) within the brain. The concept of phonetotopy was introduced in Kröger et al. (2009) on the basis of modeling speech production, speech perception, as well as ...
In the last two decades, significant advances occurred in our understanding of the neural processing of sounds in primates. Initially by recording of neural activity in the auditory cortices of monkeys [18] [19] and later elaborated via histological staining [20] [21] [22] and fMRI scanning studies, [23] 3 auditory fields were identified in the primary auditory cortex, and 9 associative ...
In the study of prosodic aspects of speech, it is usual to distinguish between auditory measures (subjective impressions produced in the mind of the listener) and objective measures (physical properties of the sound wave and physiological characteristics of articulation that may be measured objectively).
Auditory phonetics is concerned with both segmental (chiefly vowels and consonants) and prosodic (such as stress, tone, rhythm and intonation) aspects of speech.While it is possible to study the auditory perception of these phenomena without context, in continuous speech all these variables are processed in parallel with significant variability and complex interactions between them.
The motor theory of speech perception would predict that speech motor abilities in infants predict their speech perception abilities, but in actuality it is the other way around. [33] It would also predict that defects in speech production would impair speech perception, but they do not. [ 34 ]
Embodied cognition represents a diverse group of theories which investigate how cognition is shaped by the bodily state and capacities of the organism. These embodied factors include the motor system, the perceptual system, bodily interactions with the environment (situatedness), and the assumptions about the world that shape the functional structure of the brain and body of the organism.