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The 1945 State Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, lit. 'Basic Law of State of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945', commonly abbreviated as UUD 1945 or UUD '45) is the supreme law and basis for all laws of Indonesia.
The previous amendment procedure required a 2/3 supermajority for an amendment to pass; this was modified to a simple majority on the fourth amendment of the constitution. Article 37 dictated the constitution's only entrenched clause is on prohibition to amend the nature of Indonesia as a unitary state .
The Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (Indonesian: Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia, abbreviated as PPKI; Japanese: 独立準備委員会, Hepburn: Dokuritsu Junbi Īnkai) was a body established on 7 August 1945 to prepare for the transfer of authority from the occupying Japanese to Indonesia.
The Provisional Constitution of 1950 (Indonesian: Undang-Undang Dasar Sementara Republik Indonesia 1950, UUDS 1950) replaced the Federal Constitution of 1949 when Indonesia unilaterally withdrew from the union with the Netherlands agreed at the Round Table Conference and returned to being a unitary state.
The 155 mm L45 CALA 30 Gun (Argentine Army denomination: Cañón 155 mm L 45 CALA 30) is an Argentinian long-range field artillery system developed for and in limited service with the Argentine Army. Development
[16] 30 September Movement was called Gestapu (from Gerakan September Tigapuluh, "30 September Movement"). The Army, acting on orders by Suharto and supervised by Minister of Defense Nasution, began a campaign of agitation and incitement to violence among Indonesian civilians aimed at the Communist community and toward President Sukarno himself.
Entrance of Gedung Joang '45. The museum is located in the former building of Hotel Schomper, at Jalan Menteng Raya 31. After renovation, the museum was inaugurated in 1974 by President Suharto. [1] It is a national monument and guided tours of the museum are mostly given by former combatants.
A 19th-century example of a wood-burning stove. A wood-burning stove (or wood burner or log burner in the UK) is a heating or cooking appliance capable of burning wood fuel, often called solid fuel, and wood-derived biomass fuel, such as sawdust bricks.