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ext4 (fourth extended filesystem) is a journaling file system for Linux, developed as the successor to ext3.. ext4 was initially a series of backward-compatible extensions to ext3, many of them originally developed by Cluster File Systems for the Lustre file system between 2003 and 2006, meant to extend storage limits and add other performance improvements. [4]
Many computer systems measure time and date using Unix time, an international standard for digital timekeeping.Unix time is defined as the number of seconds elapsed since 00:00:00 UTC on 1 January 1970 (an arbitrarily chosen time based on the creation of the first Unix system), which has been dubbed the Unix epoch.
[citation needed] Although not specified by POSIX, most modern Unix file systems (such as ext4, HFS+, ZFS, and UFS2) allow to store the creation time. [7] NTFS stores both the creation time and the change time. The semantics of creation times is the source of some controversy. [citation needed] One view is that creation times should refer to ...
ext was the first in the series of extended file systems. In 1993, it was superseded by both ext2 and Xiafs, which competed for a time, but ext2 won because of its long-term viability: ext2 remedied issues with ext, such as the immutability of inodes and fragmentation. [5]
Creation timestamps Last access/ read timestamps Last metadata change timestamps Last archive timestamps Access control lists Security/ MAC labels Extended attributes/ Alternate data streams/ forks Metadata checksum/ ECC File system Bcachefs: Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Bcachefs: BeeGFS: Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes ? Yes Yes BeeGFS: CP ...
Dynamic inode allocation allows a file system to create more inodes as needed instead of relying on a fixed number created at the time of file system creation. [21] This can "grow" the file system by increasing the number of inodes available for new files and directories, thus avoiding the problem of running out of inodes. [22]
Two fields (i_crtime and i_crtime_extra) which make up the creation time are present in the Linux kernel source (fs/ext4/ext4.h as of version 2.6.27-rc3.) I thus removed the "Citation needed" tag without actually adding one.
JBD2 was forked from JBD in 2006 with ext4, with the goal of supporting a 64-bit (as opposed to 32-bit-only in JBD) block number. As a result, the maximum volume size in ext4 is increased to 1 EiB compared to 16 TiB in ext3 (assuming 4 KiB blocks). [4] JBD2 is backward-compatible. OCFS2 starting from Linux 2.6.28 uses JBD2. [5]