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The Turin Papyrus Map is an ancient Egyptian map, generally considered the oldest surviving map of topographical interest from the ancient world.It is drawn on a papyrus reportedly discovered at Deir el-Medina in Thebes, collected by Bernardino Drovetti (known as Napoleon's Proconsul) in Egypt sometime before 1824 and now preserved in Turin's Museo Egizio.
By the 12th century, parchment and paper were in use in the Byzantine Empire, but papyrus was still an option. [11] Until the middle of the 19th century, only some isolated documents written on papyrus were known, and museums simply showed them as curiosities. [12] They did not contain literary works. [13]
Although there were precursors such as papyrus in the Mediterranean world and amate in the pre-Columbian Americas, these are not considered true paper. [2] [3] Nor is true parchment considered paper: [a] used principally for writing, parchment is heavily prepared animal skin that predates paper and possibly papyrus. In the 20th century with the ...
Despite attempts at reconstruction, approximately 50% of the papyrus remains missing. This papyrus as presently constituted is 1.7 m long and 0.41 m wide, broken into over 160 fragments. In 2009, previously unpublished fragments were discovered in the storage room of the Egyptian Museum of Turin, in good condition. [2]
The Diary of Merer (also known as Papyrus Jarf) is the name for papyrus logbooks written over 4,500 years ago by Merer, a middle-ranking official with the title inspector (sḥḏ, sehedj). They are the oldest known papyri with text, dating to the 26th year [ 1 ] of the reign of Pharaoh Khufu (reigned in the early 26th century BC, estimated c ...
The oldest known scroll is the Diary of Merer, which can be dated to c. 2568 BCE in the reign of the Pharaoh Khufu or Cheops due to its contents.Scrolls were used by many early civilizations before the codex, or bound book with pages, was invented by the Romans [3] and popularized by Christianity. [4]
Joseph von Karabacek (1845–1918), a leading authority in the field of papyrology. Papyrology is the study of manuscripts of ancient literature, correspondence, legal archives, etc., preserved on portable media from antiquity, the most common form of which is papyrus, the principal writing material in the ancient civilizations of Egypt, Greece, and Rome.
This name was used for Byblos Castle and its associated lordship. [citation needed] The Phoenician City, known to the Greeks as Býblos (Βύβλος) and to the Romans as Byblus, was important for their import of papyrus out of Ancient Egypt [13] – to the extent that "Byblos" came to mean "papyrus" in Greek.