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The Specie Payment Resumption Act of January 14, 1875 was a law in the United States that restored the nation to the gold standard through the redemption of previously unbacked United States Notes [1] and reversed inflationary government policies promoted directly after the American Civil War.
The bank run came to a head on May 10, 1837, when banks in New York City ran out of gold and silver. They immediately suspended specie payments, and would no longer redeem commercial paper in specie at full face value. [3] A significant economic collapse followed: despite a brief recovery in 1838, the recession persisted for nearly seven years.
The crisis deepened when the Bank of England suspended specie payments on February 25, 1797 under the Bank Restriction Act 1797. The bank's directors feared insolvency when English account holders, who were nervous about a possible French invasion, began withdrawing their deposits in sterling rather than bank notes.
On the morning of August 24, 1857, the president of Ohio Life Insurance and Trust Company announced that its New York branch had suspended payments. [13] The company, an Ohio-based bank with a second main office in New York City, had large mortgage holdings and was the liaison to other Ohio investment banks.
However, because the total face value of the notes in circulation was almost exactly twice the actual gold reserves held (£10,865,050 of notes, compared to £5,322,010 in bullion), [3] this would have bankrupted the Bank, and Parliament decided to suspend these "specie payments" with immediate effect; this suspension was renewed annually until ...
He acquiesced in suspending specie payments to bank depositors, setting a precedent for the Panics of 1837 and 1857. [107] Although Monroe agreed that improved transportation facilities were needed, he refused to approve appropriations for internal improvements without constitutional amendments.
Visa and Mastercard stopped allowing payments on Pornhub in December 2020 following a New York Times report by columnist Nicholas Kristof that alleged the pornographic website showed videos of ...
In periods of depression and panic, when banks suspended specie payments and hard money was hoarded, the government's insistence on being paid in specie tended to aggravate economic difficulties by limiting the amount of specie available for private credit. In 1857, another panic hit the money market.