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The Washington State Growth Management Act (GMA) is a Washington state law that requires state and local governments to manage Washington's growth by identifying and protecting critical areas and natural resource lands, designating urban growth areas, preparing comprehensive plans and implementing them through capital investments and development regulations.
The Department of Ecology began a vehicle inspection program in 1982, requiring vehicles registered within the state to be inspected for emissions quality. The program ended on December 31, 2019, following a 14-year phase-out approved by the state legislature in 2005 as air quality in Washington cities had improved to above federal standards.
"Nearshore" is most commonly defined as the backshore, intertidal and shallow subtidal areas of shoreline. In Washington, for example, the Shoreline Management Act defines the upland edge of this area to be 200 feet (61 m) behind the shoreline. Many groups also consider the nearshore to go fairly deep beyond the intertidal zone. [35]
The Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (CZMA; Pub. L. 92–583, 86 Stat. 1280, enacted October 27, 1972, 16 U.S.C. §§ 1451–1464, Chapter 33) is an Act of Congress passed in 1972 to encourage coastal states to develop and implement coastal zone management plans (CZMPs). This act was established as a United States National policy to preserve ...
The Coastal Zone Management Program was created by the Coastal Zone Management Act [2] (October 27, 1972). It provides grants to eligible states and territories as an incentive to prepare and implement plans guiding the use of coastal lands and resources. Thirty-four of the 35 eligible states and territories are implementing federally approved ...
Shoreline management involves the long-term monitoring of watershed and shoreline revitalisation projects. [1] Freshwater shoreline management is frequently run by local conservation authorities through state, provincial, and federal lake partner programs. These programs have been used as a method of tracking shoreline change over time ...
Integrated coastal zone management (ICZM), integrated coastal management (ICM), or integrated coastal planning is a coastal management process for the management of the coast using an integrated approach, regarding all aspects of the coastal zone, including geographical and political boundaries, in an attempt to achieve sustainability.
Defining the shoreline is a difficult task due to its dynamic nature and the intended application. [25] [26] The relevant mapping scale is dependent on the context of the investigation. [26] Generally, the coast comprises the interface between land and sea, and the shoreline is represented by the margin between the two. [27]