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IPG-DET technique is a surgical procedure that interfaces with the upper posterior jaw to support dental implants and a future dental prosthesis. [1] [2]The basis of this innovative technique is a biological process called osseointegration where materials, such as titanium, form an intimate bond to bone.
Artificial bone refers to bone-like material created in a laboratory that can be used in bone grafts, to replace human bone that was lost due to severe fractures, disease, etc. [1] Bone fracture, which is a complete or partial break in the bone, is a very common condition that has more than three million US cases per year. [ 2 ]
Bone grafts are used in hopes that the defective bone will be healed or will regrow with little to no graft rejection. [19] Besides the main use of bone grafting – dental implants – this procedure is used to fuse joints to prevent movement, repair broken bones that have bone loss, and repair broken bone that has not yet healed. [19]
Initially the method to fixate alloplastic implants is by using miniplates and screws to directly attach the implant to the bone to mechanically stabilise it. [1] [2] In alloplastic surgeries that involve smaller implants, the screw themselves can be used as implants. For example, dental implants can be found in the form of screws.
Metallosis is the medical condition involving deposition and build-up of metal debris in the soft tissues of the body. [1]Metallosis has been known to occur when metallic components in medical implants, specifically joint replacements, abrade against one another. [1]
At present, guided bone regeneration is predominantly applied in the oral cavity to support new hard tissue growth on an alveolar ridge to allow stable placement of dental implants. When bone grafting is used in conjunction with sound surgical technique, guided bone regeneration is a reliable and validated procedure.
Autologous bone graft is the "gold standard" treatment and possesses osteogenic, osteoinductive, and osteoconductive properties, although only a limited sample can be taken and there is a high risk of side effects. [11] Bone graft substitutes. Inorganic bone substitutes may be used to complement or replace autologous bone grafting.
As with many operations, allotransplantation risks some side effects. A limiting factor in tissue allotransplantation for reconstructive surgery deals with the side effects of immunosuppression (metabolic disorders, malignancies, opportunistic infections) which is a predominant issue. The risk of transmitting infection is high.