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The British Rail Class 600 Breeze was a proposed class of hydrogen fuel cell-powered multiple units that was to have been converted from existing BREL Class 321 electric multiple units. The project commenced in 2018, but was cancelled in 2022 before any conversions took place.
Hydrogen is a common and easy to find element, given that each molecule of water has two atoms of hydrogen for every oxygen atom present. [10] Hydrogen can be separated from water via several means, including steam reforming (normally involving the use of fossil fuels) and electrolysis (which requires large amounts of electricity and is less commonly used).
Hydrogen pipeline transport is a transportation of hydrogen through a pipe as part of the hydrogen infrastructure. Hydrogen pipeline transport is used to connect the point of hydrogen production or delivery of hydrogen with the point of demand, pipeline transport costs are similar to CNG, [9] the technology is proven, [10] however most hydrogen is produced on the place of demand with every 50 ...
Hydrogen can be transported in gaseous form, typically in a pipeline. Because hydrogen gas is highly reactive, the pipeline or other container must be able to resist interacting with the gas. Hydrogen's low density at atmospheric pressure means that gas transport is suitable only for low volume requirements.
Hydrogen can be deployed as a fuel in two distinct ways: in fuel cells which produce electricity, and via combustion to generate heat. [58] When hydrogen is consumed in fuel cells, the only emission at the point of use is water vapor. [58] Combustion of hydrogen can lead to the thermal formation of harmful nitrogen oxides emissions. [58]
Hydrogen may be used in fuel cells for local electricity generation or potentially as a transportation fuel. Hydrogen is produced as a by-product of industrial chlorine production by electrolysis. Although requiring expensive technologies, hydrogen can be cooled, compressed and purified for use in other processes on site or sold to a customer ...
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If well optimized, slightly higher efficiencies can be achieved. The comparison with a hydrogen fuel cell is interesting. The fuel cell has a high efficiency peak at low load, while at high load the efficiency drops. The hydrogen combustion engine has a peak at high load and can achieve similar efficiency levels as a hydrogen fuel cell. [34]