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The Pacinian corpuscle (also lamellar corpuscle, or Vater-Pacini corpuscle) [1] is a low-threshold mechanoreceptor responsive to vibration or pressure, found in the skin and other internal organs. [2] In the skin it is one of the four main types of cutaneous receptors.
The Pacinian corpuscle or Vater-Pacinian corpuscles or Lamellar corpuscles [5] in the skin and fascia detect rapid vibrations of about 200–300 Hz. [3] [6] They also produce transient responses, but have large receptive fields. Free nerve endings detect touch, pressure, stretching, as well as the tickle and itch sensations. Itch sensations are ...
All cutaneous mechanoreceptors including pacinian corpuscles: III Aδ: 1–5 μm: Thin: 3–30 m/s: Free nerve endings of touch and pressure Nociceptors of neospinothalamic tract Cold thermoreceptors: IV C: 0.2–1.5 μm: No: 0.5–2.0 m/s: Nociceptors of paleospinothalamic tract Warmth receptors
Pallesthesia (\ˌpal-es-ˈthē-zh(ē-)ə\), or vibratory sensation, is the ability to perceive vibration. [1] [2] This sensation, often conducted through skin and bone, is usually generated by mechanoreceptors such as Pacinian corpuscles, Merkel disk receptors, and tactile corpuscles. [1]
Schwann cells or neurolemmocytes (named after German physiologist Theodor Schwann) are the principal glia of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Glial cells function to support neurons and in the PNS, also include satellite cells, olfactory ensheathing cells, enteric glia and glia that reside at sensory nerve endings, such as the Pacinian corpuscle.
Pacinian corpuscles react only to sudden stimuli so pressures like clothes that are always compressing their shape are quickly ignored. They have also been implicated in detecting the location of touch sensations on handheld tools. [8] Bulbous corpuscles react slowly and respond to sustained skin
The Merkel cell's somewhat rigid structure, and the fact that they are not encapsulated, [clarification needed] causes them respond to a sustained adequate mechanical stimulus with sustained "firing" of action potentials (or spikes): they are slowly adapting (contrast with the rapidly adapting Pacinian and Meissner's corpuscles). [citation needed]
Pacinian corpuscles sense changes in pressure and vibration to monitor the rate of acceleration of movement. They will initiate a sudden relaxatory response if movement happens too fast. [7] Deep fascia can also relax slowly as some mechanoreceptors respond to changes over longer timescales.