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A muzzle brake or recoil compensator is a device connected to, or a feature integral (ported barrel) to the construction of, the muzzle or barrel of a firearm or cannon that is intended to redirect a portion of propellant gases to counter recoil and unwanted muzzle rise. [1] Barrels with an integral muzzle brake are often said to be ported.
A muzzle reference system (MRS) is a device used on most modern tank guns and some artillery systems that measures the bending of the barrel due to heat, gravity and other issues. It normally consists of a laser device and detector mounted at the breach end of the gun, often co-located with other optics like the gunner's sight, and a mirror at ...
The M110 Semi Automatic Sniper System (M110 SASS) is an American semi-automatic sniper rifle that is chambered for the 7.62×51mm NATO round. It is manufactured by Knight's Armament Company , developed from the Knight's Armament Company SR-25 , and adopted by the U.S. military following the 2005 US Army Semi-Automatic Sniper Rifle (XM110 SASR ...
Failure to feed (FTF) is when a firearm fails to feed the next round into the firing chamber. Failure to feed is common when the shooter does not hold the firearm firmly (known as limp wristing), when the slide is not fully cycled by the preceding round, or due to problems with the magazine. It can also be caused by worn recoil springs, buffer ...
Nevertheless, "perceived" recoil limits vary from shooter to shooter, depending on body size, the use of recoil padding, individual pain tolerance, the weight of the firearm, and whether recoil buffering systems and muzzle devices (muzzle brake or suppressor) are employed. For this reason, establishing recoil safety standards for small arms ...
For example, if the muzzle velocity is reduced from 2,700 ft/s (820 m/s) (common for the .308 Winchester, for example) to a subsonic 950 ft/s (290 m/s), the muzzle energy is reduced by a factor of 8. Military marksmen and police units may use subsonic ammunition in suppressed rifles when minimal noise is more important than range and energy.
These curves were produced by a simulation of an actual system. Figure 7: Muzzle displacement with breech and with or without MRS. Another off axis component found on some tank guns is a muzzle reference sight (MRS). As the muzzle recoils, the moment produced by the inertial force on the muzzle reference sight causes the muzzle to move downwards.
The disadvantage of the muzzle brake is a longer, heavier barrel, and a large increase in sound levels and flash behind the muzzle of the rifle. Shooting firearms without muzzle brakes and without hearing protection can eventually damage the operator's hearing; however, shooting rifles with muzzle brakes - with or without hearing protection ...