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The line segments AB and CD are orthogonal to each other. In mathematics, orthogonality is the generalization of the geometric notion of perpendicularity.Whereas perpendicular is typically followed by to when relating two lines to one another (e.g., "line A is perpendicular to line B"), [1] orthogonal is commonly used without to (e.g., "orthogonal lines A and B").
In Euclidean space, two vectors are orthogonal if and only if their dot product is zero, i.e. they make an angle of 90° (radians), or one of the vectors is zero. [4] Hence orthogonality of vectors is an extension of the concept of perpendicular vectors to spaces of any dimension.
Take-grant protection model rules Note that the take and grant rules here use t a k e ( o , p , r ) {\displaystyle take(o,p,r)} and g r a n t ( o , p , r ) {\displaystyle grant(o,p,r)} . For take , S1 is only able to create an edge with the right "r" due to the fact that it has the right "t" on O1, a special right that allows access to taking a ...
In mathematics, an orthogonal polynomial sequence is a family of polynomials such that any two different polynomials in the sequence are orthogonal to each other under some inner product. The most widely used orthogonal polynomials are the classical orthogonal polynomials , consisting of the Hermite polynomials , the Laguerre polynomials and ...
Orthogonal protection is a strategy allowing the specific deprotection of one protective group in a multiply-protected structure. For example, the amino acid tyrosine could be protected as a benzyl ester on the carboxyl group, a fluorenylmethylenoxy carbamate on the amine group, and a tert -butyl ether on the phenol group.
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The orthogonal group is an algebraic group and a Lie group. It is compact. The orthogonal group in dimension n has two connected components. The one that contains the identity element is a normal subgroup, called the special orthogonal group, and denoted SO(n). It consists of all orthogonal matrices of determinant 1.
The ground state energy would then be 8E 1 = −109 eV, where E 1 is the Rydberg constant, and its ground state wavefunction would be the product of two wavefunctions for the ground state of hydrogen-like atoms: [2]: 262 (,) = (+) /. where a 0 is the Bohr radius and Z = 2, helium's nuclear charge.