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Ovarian germ cell tumors (OGCTs) are heterogeneous tumors that are derived from the primitive germ cells of the embryonic gonad, which accounts for about 2.6% of all ovarian malignancies. [1] There are four main types of OGCTs, namely dysgerminomas , yolk sac tumor , teratoma , and choriocarcinoma .
A very rare tumour producing both ovarian (granulosa and/or theca) and testicular (Sertoli and/or Leydig) cells or tissues. Typically it consists of adult-type granulosa cells and Sertoli cells, [4] [5] but it has been reported with juvenile-type granulosa cells. [6] It has been reported to occur in the ovary usually, rarely in the testis. [7]
For example, the most common cancer of the liver parenchyma ("hepato-" = liver), arising from malignant epithelial cells ("carcinoma"), would be called a hepatocarcinoma, while a malignancy arising from primitive liver precursor cells is called a hepatoblastoma. Similarly, a cancer arising from malignant fat cells would be termed a liposarcoma.
Ovarian tumors: Germ cell tumor: Seen most often in young women or adolescent girls. Other germ cell tumors are: Endodermal sinus tumor and teratoma, [25] Ovarian cancer: includes ovarian epithelial cancer [26] [27] [28] Luteoma: Seen in pregnancy: Ovaritis: Synonym of oophoritis [16] Ovarian remnant syndrome: Incomplete removal of tissue ...
Ovarian diseases refer to diseases or disorders of the ovary. [1] These can be classified as endocrine disorders or as a disorders of the reproductive system. If the egg fails to release from the follicle in the ovary an ovarian cyst may form. Small ovarian cysts are common in healthy women.
Since 1975, survival rates for ovarian cancer have steadily improved with a mean decrease of 51% by 2006 of risk of death from ovarian cancer for an advanced stage tumour. [58] The increase has mainly been due to successful extended life expectancy of affected patients rather than an improvement in cure rates.
A germ cell is any cell that gives rise to the gametes of an organism that reproduces sexually. In many animals, the germ cells originate in the primitive streak and migrate via the gut of an embryo to the developing gonads. There, they undergo meiosis, followed by cellular differentiation into mature gametes, either eggs or sperm.
Ovarian culture is an in-vitro process that allows for the investigation of the development, toxicology and pathology of the ovary. [1] This technique can also be used to study possible applications of fertility treatments e.g. isolating oocytes from primordial ovarian follicles that could be used for fertilisation.