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The pil, alfil, alpil, or elephant is a fairy chess piece that can jump two squares diagonally. It first appeared in shatranj. It is used in many historical and regional chess variants. It was used in standard chess before being replaced by the bishop in the 15th and 16th centuries.
In modern descriptions of shatranj, the names king, rook, knight and pawn are commonly used for shah, rukh, faras, and baidaq. However, the ferz and alfil are sometimes treated as distinct, and given their own symbols. Specific ferz and alfil symbols have been provisionally accepted for a future version of Unicode. [12] [13]
(The word alfil is the regular Bishop in Spanish.) Alfilrider: n(~ 2X) (in same direction) AA: Fairy Chess problems: A rider which moves any number of (2,2) cells (i.e., Alfil moves) in the same direction in a straight line. It is the Skip-bishop of problemists (G.P. Jelliss). Alibaba ~ 2 : AD: Fairy Chess problems: Combines the moves of Alfil ...
Like modern chess, it is derived from shatranj. It was developed in Central Asia during the reign of Emperor Timur, and its invention is also attributed to him. [1] Because Tamerlane chess is a larger variant of chaturanga, it is also called Shatranj Al-Kabir (Large chess or Great chess), as opposed to Shatranj as-saghir ("Small Chess").
In shatranj, a Persian forerunner to chess, the predecessors of the bishop and queen were leapers: the alfil is a (2,2)-leaper (moving two squares diagonally in any direction), and the ferz a (1,1)-leaper (moving one square diagonally in any direction). [8] The wazir is a (0,1)-leaper (an "orthogonal" one-square leaper). The dabbaba is a (0,2 ...
New pieces are the cannon from xiangqi (Chinese chess) and an elephant moving as a fers+alfil of old shatranj (ancestors of queen and bishop), so diagonally one or two squares with jumps allowed. By Jean Louis-Cazaux (1997). [40]
Two squares in any diagonal direction, jumping over the first square, as the alfil in Iranian shatranj, Ethiopian senterej, Mongolian Tamerlane chess and medieval courier chess. This is a fairy chess piece that is a (2,2)-leaper. The same move is used for the boat in Indian chaturaji, a four-player version of chaturanga. [16]
It was the last popular survival of shatranj. According to Richard Pankhurst , the game became extinct sometime after the Italian invasion of Ethiopia in the 1930s. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] A distinctive feature of Senterej is the opening phase – players make as many moves as they like without regard for how many moves the opponent has made; this ...