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  2. Civil penalty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_penalty

    A civil penalty or civil fine is a financial penalty imposed by a government agency as restitution for wrongdoing. The wrongdoing is typically defined by a codification of legislation, regulations, and decrees. The civil fine is not considered to be a criminal punishment, because it is primarily sought in order to compensate the state for harm ...

  3. Criminal-justice financial obligations in the United States

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal-justice_financial...

    Civil penalty, a financial penalty imposed by a government agency as restitution for wrongdoing in the case of a civil rather than criminal offense; Court costs, the cost associated with pursuing a legal case; History of United States Prison Systems; Race in the United States criminal justice system

  4. Treason laws in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treason_laws_in_the_United...

    Treason is defined on the federal level in Article III, Section 3 of the United States Constitution as "only in levying War against [the United States], or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort." Most state constitutions include similar definitions of treason, specifically limited to levying war against the state, "adhering ...

  5. False Claims Act of 1863 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_Claims_Act_of_1863

    The statute provides that anyone who violates the law "is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not less than $5,000 and not more than $10,000, as adjusted by the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990, [24] plus 3 times the amount of damages which the Government sustains because of the act of that person."

  6. Criminal copyright law in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_copyright_law_in...

    Criminal copyright laws prohibit the unacknowledged use of another's intellectual property for the purpose of financial gain. Violation of these laws can lead to fines and jail time. Criminal copyright laws have been a part of U.S. laws since 1897, which added a misdemeanor penalty for unlawful performances if "willful and for profit".

  7. Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racketeer_Influenced_and...

    Medical Marijuana, Inc. v. Horn, No. 23-365, 603 U.S. ___ (2025) The Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act is a United States federal law that provides for extended criminal penalties and a civil cause of action for acts performed as part of an ongoing criminal organization. RICO was enacted by Title IX of the Organized ...

  8. Legal remedy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_remedy

    v. t. e. A legal remedy, also referred to as judicial relief or a judicial remedy, is the means with which a court of law, usually in the exercise of civil law jurisdiction, enforces a right, imposes a penalty, or makes another court order to impose its will in order to compensate for the harm of a wrongful act inflicted upon an individual. [1]

  9. Fixed penalty notice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed_penalty_notice

    A penalty notice issued by local authority parking attendants is a civil penalty backed with powers to obtain payment by civil action and is defined as a penalty charge notice (PCN), distinguishing it from other FPNs which are often backed with a power of criminal prosecution if the penalty is not paid; in the latter case the "fixed penalty" is ...