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The characteristics of liberal democracies are correlated with increased political stability, [5] lower corruption, [6] better management of resources, [7] and better health indicators such as life expectancy and infant mortality. [8] Liberal democracy traces its origins—and its name—to the Age of Enlightenment.
In Europe and North America, the establishment of social liberalism (often called simply liberalism in the United States) became a key component in expanding the welfare state. [17] Today, liberal parties continue to wield power and influence throughout the world. The fundamental elements of contemporary society have liberal roots.
Major examples of modern liberal policy programs include the New Deal, the Fair Deal, the New Frontier, the Great Society, the Affordable Care Act, and the Inflation Reduction Act. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] In the first half of the 20th century, both major American parties shared influential conservative and liberal wings.
The second part is a modern history of liberal and democratic movements, including their often turbulent interactions and the recent concept of liberal democracy, which seeks to combine them. The third part is about challenges to liberal democracy, such as socialism , economic liberalism , lack of governance , populism and authoritarian forms ...
K. J. Ståhlberg (1865–1952), the first President of the Republic of Finland, defined Finland's anchoring as a country defending liberal democracy. [78] Ståhlberg at his office in 1919. The worldwide Great Depression, starting in 1929, hastened the discrediting of liberal economics and strengthened calls for state control over economic affairs.
Johnson enacted a mass of Great Society legislation, headed by the powerful Civil Rights Act of 1964, which outlawed segregation, and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 which reversed state efforts to stop blacks from voting and facilitated their mobilization as millions of new liberal Democratic voters. [51]
A liberal democracy is a representative democracy which enshrines a liberal political philosophy, where the ability of the elected representatives to exercise decision-making power is subject to the rule of law, moderated by a constitution or laws that such as the protection of the rights and freedoms of individuals, and constrained on the ...
In the House, the Democrats voted for the Act by a margin of 145–62. Democrats split on the issue of the Act's renewal in 2006. In the Senate, 34 Democrats voted for the 2006 renewal, and 9 against. In the House, 66 Democrats voted for the renewal, and 124 against. [citation needed]