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Shorthand is an abbreviated symbolic writing method that increases speed and brevity of writing as compared to longhand, a more common method of writing a language. The process of writing in shorthand is called stenography , from the Greek stenos (narrow) and graphein (to write).
Phrasing is another mechanism for increasing the speed of shorthand writing. Based on the notion that lifting the pen between words would have a heavy speed cost, phrasing is the combination of several smaller distinct forms into one outline. [15] For example, "it may be that the" can be written in one outline, "(tm)ab(th)a(th)". [16] "I have ...
Legible Shorthand [38] 1882: Edward Pocknell: English: Leite Alves Shorthand [39] 1929: Oscar Leite Alves: Portuguese: Lightning Legible Shorthand [40] 1906 David Rose Glass English: Malone Shorthand [41] Maron Shorthand [39] 1932: Afonso Maron: Portuguese: Melin Shorthand [42] 1880: Olof Werling Melin: Swedish: Dominant Shorthand system in ...
Pitman shorthand is a system of shorthand for the English language developed by Englishman Sir Isaac Pitman (1813–1897), who first presented it in 1837. [1] Like most systems of shorthand, it is a phonetic system; the symbols do not represent letters, but rather sounds, and words are, for the most part, written as they are spoken.
Forkner Shorthand is an alphabetic shorthand created by Hamden L. Forkner and first published in 1955. Its popularity grew through the 1980s as those who needed shorthand every day (such as secretaries) began to favor the easier learning curve of alphabetic systems to the more difficult (but potentially faster) symbol-based ones.
Students of Personal Shorthand can acquire a useful shorthand skill (50 to 60 wpm) in a single school term, compared to the year or more for symbol system students to reach that same level. Without the complexity of symbols to memorize and practice writing, Personal Shorthand theory is relatively simple. There are six Theory Rules.
For example, ph is often just written as an f, so the word phase would be written as if it were spelt fase. This coincides with the creator's intentions of streamlining it as much as possible. [2] As with many shorthand systems, there are few strict rules on how to write it, so it is common for users to make personal adaptations for their own ...
Speedwriting is the trademark under which three versions of a shorthand system were marketed during the 20th century. The original version was designed so that it could be written with a pen or typed on a typewriter. [1]