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Proximal fractures of the fifth metatarsal are common, [2] and are distinguished by their locations: A proximal diaphysis fracture is typically a stress fracture, commonly among athletes. [3] [4] A metaphysis fracture is also called a Jones fracture. Due to poor blood supply in this area, such a fracture sometimes does not heal and surgery is ...
Other proximal fifth metatarsal fractures exist, although they are not as problematic as a Jones fracture. If the fracture enters the intermetatarsal joint , it is a Jones fracture. If, however, it enters the tarsometatarsal joint, then it is likely an avulsion fracture caused by pull from the fibularis brevis tendon.
Proximal fractures of 5th metatarsal. The tuberosity avulsion fracture (also known as pseudo-Jones fracture or dancer's fracture [2] is a common fracture of the fifth metatarsal (the bone on the outside edge of the foot extending to the little toe). [3] This fracture is likely caused by the lateral band of the plantar aponeurosis (tendon). [4]
These fractures are sometimes called march fractures, based on their traditional association with military recruits after long marches. The second and third metatarsals are fixed while walking, thus these metatarsals are common sites of injury. The fifth metatarsal may be fractured if the foot is oversupinated during locomotion. [9]
In runners, march fracture occurs most often in the metatarsal neck, while in dancers it occurs in the proximal shaft. In ballet dancers, fracture mostly occurs at the base of the second metatarsal and at Lisfranc joints. This fracture always occurs following a prolonged stress or weight bearing, and the history of direct trauma is very rare.
The dorsal ligaments are strong, flat bands.. The first metatarsal is joined to the first cuneiform by a broad, thin band; the second has three, one from each cuneiform bone; the third has one from the third cuneiform; the fourth has one from the third cuneiform and one from the cuboid; and the fifth, one from the cuboid.
Jones fracture – a fracture of the proximal end of the fifth metatarsal; March fracture – a fracture of the distal third of one of the metatarsals occurring because of recurrent stress; Cuneiform fracture – a fracture of one of the three cuneiform bones typically due to direct blow, axial load, or avulsion [20]
- Metaphysis: Jones fracture [4]-Tuberosity: Pseudo-Jones fracture [5] (avulsion fracture). [5] Normal anatomy: - Apophysis: Normal at 10 - 16 years. [6] - Os vesalianum, an accessory bone. [7] In the fifth metatarsal bone, the most proximal part of the bone is termed the "tuberosity", and the secondary ossification center that is normally ...