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Alexander Graham Bell (/ ˈ ɡ r eɪ. ə m /, born Alexander Bell; March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) [4] was a Scottish-born [N 1] Canadian-American inventor, scientist, and engineer who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone. He also co-founded the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) in 1885. [7]
The modern electric bell mechanism had its origin in vibrating "contact breaker" or interrupter mechanisms devised to break the primary current in induction coils. [5] Vibrating "hammer" interrupters were invented by Johann Philipp Wagner (1839) and Christian Ernst Neeff (1847), and was developed into a buzzer by Froment (1847).
2 June 1875: Bell transmits the sound of a plucked steel reed using electromagnet instruments. 1 July 1875: Bell uses a bi-directional "gallows" telephone that was able to transmit "indistinct but voice-like sounds" rather than clear speech. Both the transmitter and the receiver were identical membrane electromagnet instruments.
Western Electric Co., Inc. was an American electrical engineering and manufacturing company that operated from 1869 to 1996. A subsidiary of the AT&T Corporation for most of its lifespan, Western Electric was the primary manufacturer, supplier, and purchasing agent for all telephone equipment for the Bell System from 1881 until 1984, when the Bell System was dismantled.
Elisha Gray (August 2, 1835 – January 21, 1901) was an American electrical engineer who co-founded the Western Electric Manufacturing Company.Gray is best known for his development of a telephone prototype in 1876 in Highland Park, Illinois.
The Electric Telegraph: An Historical Anthology (1977) Smethers, J. Steven. "Pounding Brass for the Associated Press: Delivering News by Telegraph in a Pre-Teletype Era." American Journalism 19.2 (2002): 13-30. Sussman, Gerald. "Nineteenth-century telegraphy: Wiring the emerging urban corporate economy." Media History 22.1 (2016): 40–66.
He was then hired by Alexander Graham Bell, who was then a professor at Boston University. They were known for the invention of the telephone. Watson had the distinction of receiving the first ever telephone call (from Bell in the next room) and hearing his name as the first words ever spoken over the phone. "Mr.
Russian engineer Pavel Yablochkov invented the electric carbon arc lamp: 1876: Scottish inventor Alexander Graham Bell patented the telephone 1877: American inventor Thomas Edison invented the phonograph: 1877: German industrialist Werner von Siemens developed a primitive loudspeaker: 1878: First electric street lighting in Paris, France 1878