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  2. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinamide_adenine_di...

    Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP [1] [2] or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require NADPH as a reducing agent ('hydrogen source'). NADPH is the reduced form, whereas NADP + is the ...

  3. Flavin mononucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavin_mononucleotide

    Flavin mononucleotide (FMN), or riboflavin-5′-phosphate, is a biomolecule produced from riboflavin (vitamin B 2) by the enzyme riboflavin kinase and functions as the prosthetic group of various oxidoreductases, including NADH dehydrogenase, as well as a cofactor in biological blue-light photo receptors. [1]

  4. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinamide_adenine_di...

    NADP is a reducing agent in anabolic reactions like the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses. NADP exists in two forms: NADP+, the oxidized form, and NADPH, the reduced form. NADP is similar to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), but NADP has a phosphate group at the C-2′ position of the adenosyl

  5. Photosystem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosystem

    The main function of PSII is to efficiently split water into oxygen molecules and protons. PSII will provide a steady stream of electrons to PSI, which will boost these in energy and transfer them to NADP + and H + to make NADPH. The hydrogen from this NADPH can then be used in a number of different processes within the plant. [2]

  6. Flavin adenine dinucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavin_adenine_dinucleotide

    The diagram below summarizes the potential changes that it can undergo. Along with what is seen above, other reactive forms of FAD can be formed and consumed. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons and the making/breaking of chemical bonds .

  7. Photosynthetic reaction centre - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthetic_reaction_centre

    The cooperation between Photosystems I and II creates an electron and proton flow from H 2 O to NADP +, producing NADPH needed for glucose synthesis. This pathway is called the ' Z-scheme ' because the redox diagram from H 2 O to NADP + via P680 and P700 resembles the letter Z. [ 11 ]

  8. Photophosphorylation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photophosphorylation

    So, in the presence of light, synthesis of food is called 'photosynthesis'. Noncyclic photophosphorylation through light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis at the thylakoid membrane. In the process of photosynthesis, the phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP using the energy of sunlight is called photophosphorylation. Cyclic ...

  9. Light-dependent reactions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-dependent_reactions

    The electron transport chain of photosynthesis is often put in a diagram called the Z-scheme, because the redox diagram from P680 to P700 resembles the letter Z. [3] The final product of PSII is plastoquinol, a mobile electron carrier in the membrane. Plastoquinol transfers the electron from PSII to the proton pump, cytochrome b6f. The ultimate ...