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In human anatomy, the facial skeleton of the skull the external surface of the mandible is marked in the median line by a faint ridge, indicating the mandibular symphysis (Latin: symphysis menti) or line of junction where the two lateral halves of the mandible typically fuse in the first year of life (6–9 months after birth). [1]
A weathered braincase found at the surface next to a partial dentary with an unfused mandibular symphysis, a characteristic of protocetids. Large parts of the axial skeleton including cervical, thoracic and proximal caudal vertebrae, but excluding sacral vertebrae.
In jawed vertebrates, the mandible (from the Latin mandibula, 'for chewing'), lower jaw, or jawbone is a bone that makes up the lower – and typically more mobile – component of the mouth (the upper jaw being known as the maxilla). The jawbone is the skull's only movable, posable bone, sharing joints with the cranium's temporal bones.
The mandibular symphysis divides below and encloses a triangular eminence, the mental protuberance, the base of which is depressed in the center but raised on either side to form the mental tubercle. The two mental tubercles along with the medial mental protuberance are collectively called the mental trigone.
The symphysis of the external surface of the mandible divides below and encloses a triangular eminence, the mental protuberance, the base of which is depressed in the center but raised on either side to form the mental tubercle. The size and shape of the bones making up this structure are responsible for the size and shape of a person's chin.
The lingual foramen is a small midline opening on the posterior aspect of the symphysis of the mandible, just above the mental spine. The lingual foramen gives passage to a single small artery formed by the union of two branches of the sublingual arteries (each sublingual artery contributing a single branch).
Strepsirrhines are also traditionally noted for their unfused mandibular symphysis (two halves of the lower jaw), [87] however, fusion of the mandibular symphysis was common in adapiforms, [92] notably Notharctus. [93] Also, several extinct giant lemurs exhibited a fused mandibular symphysis. [94]
The mylohyoid line is a bony ridge on the internal surface of the body of the mandible. The mylohyoid line extends posterosuperiorly. The mylohyoid line continues as the mylohyoid groove on the internal surface of the ramus. The mylohyoid muscle originates from the anterior (front) part of the mylohyoid line. [1]