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The failure-avoidant students strive to look competent, utilising failure avoiding strategies such as defensive pessimism and self-handicapping, as inability is a big threat to one's sense of self-worth. [13] Instructing in a way that separates student's obsession of ability from willingness to learn is considered as an important role of ...
The dynamic combination of intrinsic and extrinsic motivators is a powerful force [22] which, if educational contexts can adapt from video games, may increase student motivation, and student learning. Some of the potential benefits of successful gamification initiatives in the classroom include: giving students ownership of their learning [28]
A student is described as task-involved when they are interested in the task for its own qualities. This is associated with higher intrinsic motivation. Task-involved students are less threatened by failure because their own ego is not tied up in the success of the task.
For example, students with a mastery orientation are more intrinsically motivated to learn, use deeper cognitive strategies, and persist through challenge and failure. [32] [33] [34] VandeWalle defines mastery orientation as the "desire to develop the self by acquiring new skills, mastering new situations, and improving one's competence".
Intrinsic motivation is often more highly regarded than extrinsic motivation. It is associated with genuine passion, creativity, a sense of purpose, and personal autonomy. It also tends to come with stronger commitment and persistence. Intrinsic motivation is a key factor in cognitive, social, and physical development. [65]
Various types of motivation also play a role particularly intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is an inherent type of motivation that one engages as an end to itself. Extrinsic motivation, on the other hand, is a motivation that is provided externally such as external awards or punishments. Research has shown that incentives ...
When a person is intrinsically motivated to perform a task and money is introduced to work on the task, the individual cognitively re-evaluates the importance of the task and the intrinsic motivation to perform the task (because the individual finds it interesting) shifts to extrinsic motivation and the primary focus changes from enjoying the ...
Such interventions not only target motivation, but also ultimately increase general student achievement and help to close traditionally problematic achievement gaps. [ 11 ] [ 21 ] For example, value- focused interventions have been developed to help teachers design their curriculum in ways that allow students to see the connections between the ...