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  2. Common Era - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Era

    Common Era (CE) and Before the Common Era (BCE) are year notations for the Gregorian calendar (and its predecessor, the Julian calendar), the world's most widely used calendar era. Common Era and Before the Common Era are alternatives to the original Anno Domini (AD) and Before Christ (BC) notations used for the same calendar era.

  3. Timeline of scientific discoveries - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_scientific...

    The Nippur cubit-rod, c. 2650 BCE, in the Archeological Museum of Istanbul, Turkey. 3000 BC: Units of measurement are developed in the Americas as well as the major Bronze Age civilizations: Egypt, Mesopotamia, Elam and the Indus Valley. [1] [2]

  4. Timeline of telescopes, observatories, and observing technology

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_telescopes...

    9th century – quadrant invented by Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī in 9th century Baghdad and is used for astronomical calculations [2] 800–33 – The first modern observatory research institute built in Baghdad, Iraq, by Arabic astronomers during time of Al-Mamun [3]

  5. Public research and development - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_research_and...

    Public research and development (Public R&D) refers to the R&D activities related to public sectors, including governments, colleges and non-profit organizations. [2] Public R&D include academic fundamental research, applied research and R&D grants and contracts to private sectors, where later two are known as 'R&D subsidy'.

  6. Timeline of aging research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_aging_research

    350 BCE — The Greek philosopher Aristotle, arguably the first philosopher to make a serious attempt to scientifically explain aging, proposes his thesis on aging.He suggests that aging is a process by which human and animal bodies, which are naturally hot and wet, gradually become dry and cold, and theorizes that more moisture delays aging.

  7. Science and technology of the Han dynasty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_and_technology_of...

    The Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) of early imperial China, divided between the eras of Western Han (206 BCE – 9 CE, when the capital was at Chang'an), the Xin dynasty of Wang Mang (r. 9–23 CE), and Eastern Han (25–220 CE, when the capital was at Luoyang, and after 196 CE at Xuchang), witnessed some of the most significant advancements ...

  8. 1177 B.C.: The Year Civilization Collapsed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1177_B.C.:_The_Year...

    The book focuses on Cline's hypothesis for the Late Bronze Age collapse of civilization, a transition period that affected the Egyptians, Hittites, Canaanites, Cypriots, Minoans, Mycenaeans, Assyrians and Babylonians; varied heterogeneous cultures populating eight powerful and flourishing states intermingling via trade, commerce, exchange and "cultural piggybacking," despite "all the ...

  9. Library of Pergamum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_of_Pergamum

    The Attalid kingdom (colored olive) shown at its greatest extent in 188 BCE View of the Acropolis of ancient Pergamon, drawn by 19th-century German archaeologists. Founded sometime during the 3rd century BCE, during the Hellenistic Age, Pergamum or Pergamon was an important ancient Greek city, located in Anatolia.