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The central dogma of molecular biology deals with the flow of genetic information within a biological system. It is often stated as "DNA makes RNA, and RNA makes protein", [1] although this is not its original meaning. It was first stated by Francis Crick in 1957, [2] [3] then published in 1958: [4] [5] The Central Dogma.
This image shows an example of the central dogma using a DNA strand being transcribed then translated and showing important enzymes used in the processes. The central dogma plays a key role in the study of molecular genetics. The central dogma states that DNA replicates itself, DNA is transcribed into RNA, and RNA is translated into proteins. [24]
In 1956, Francis Crick proposed what is now known as the "central dogma" of biology: [3] DNA encodes the genetic information required for an organism to carry out its life cycle. In effect, DNA serves as the "hard drive" which stores genetic data. DNA is replicated and serves as its own template for replication.
A reverse transcriptase (RT) is an enzyme used to convert RNA genome to DNA, a process termed reverse transcription.Reverse transcriptases are used by viruses such as HIV, COVID-19, and hepatitis B to replicate their genomes, by retrotransposon mobile genetic elements to proliferate within the host genome, and by eukaryotic cells to extend the telomeres at the ends of their linear chromosomes.
The central dogma of molecular biology outlines the mechanism by which proteins are constructed using information contained in nucleic acids. DNA is transcribed into mRNA molecules, which travel to the ribosome where the mRNA is used as a template for the construction of the protein strand.
It was formulated by Francis Crick in 1955 in an informal publication of the RNA Tie Club, and later elaborated in 1957 along with the central dogma of molecular biology and the sequence hypothesis. It was formally published as an article "On protein synthesis" in 1958. The name "adaptor hypothesis" was given by Sydney Brenner.
Eukaryotic DNA replication. Eukaryotic DNA replication is a conserved mechanism that restricts DNA replication to once per cell cycle. Eukaryotic DNA replication of chromosomal DNA is central for the duplication of a cell and is necessary for the maintenance of the eukaryotic genome.
It results in premature chain termination and inhibition of viral replication. GS-441524 triphosphate is the biologically active form of remdesivir. Remdesivir is classified as a nucleotide analog that inhibits RdRp function by covalently binding to and interrupting termination of the nascent RNA through early or delayed termination or ...