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The Roman Empire under Hadrian (125) showing the provinces as then organised. The Roman provinces (Latin: provincia, pl. provinciae) were the administrative regions of Ancient Rome outside Roman Italy that were controlled by the Romans under the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire. Each province was ruled by a Roman appointed as governor. [1]
The vast Roman territories were organized into senatorial provinces, governed by proconsuls who were appointed by lot annually, and imperial provinces, which belonged to the emperor but were governed by legates. [19] The first two centuries of the Empire saw a period of unprecedented stability and prosperity known as the Pax Romana (lit.
By 258, the Roman Empire broke up into three competing states. The Roman provinces of Gaul, Britain and Hispania broke off to form the Gallic Empire and, two years later in 260, the eastern provinces of Syria, Palestine and Aegyptus became independent as the Palmyrene Empire, leaving the remaining Italian-centred Roman Empire-proper in the middle.
In the 6th century, Emperor Justinian I re-imposed direct Imperial rule on large parts of the former Western Roman Empire, including the prosperous regions of North Africa, the ancient Roman heartland of Italy and parts of Hispania. Political instability in the Eastern heartlands, combined with foreign invasions, plague, and religious ...
A Roman governor was an official either elected or appointed to be the chief administrator of Roman law throughout one or more of the many provinces constituting the Roman Empire. The generic term in Roman legal language was rector provinciae , regardless of the specific titles, which also reflects the province's intrinsic and strategic status ...
Coin of Pescennius Niger, a Roman usurper who claimed imperial power AD 193–194. Legend: IMP CAES C PESC NIGER IVST AVG. While the imperial government of the Roman Empire was rarely called into question during its five centuries in the west and fifteen centuries in the east, individual emperors often faced unending challenges in the form of usurpation and perpetual civil wars. [30]
The Roman Kingdom, ... was the earliest period of Roman history when the city and its territory were ruled by kings. ... and the governors in the provinces. Their ...
Later it was divided into two provinces, Superior and Inferior. Arcadia (also Arcadia Ægypti; not to be confused with Arcadia in Greece) Apart from modern Egypt, Aegyptus also comprised the former province of Cyrenaica , being the east of modern Libya (an ancient name for the whole African continent as well).