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The scapula (pl.: scapulae or scapulas [1]), also known as the shoulder blade, is the bone that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone). Like their connected bones, the scapulae are paired, with each scapula on either side of the body being roughly a mirror image of the other.
The human shoulder is made up of three bones: the clavicle (collarbone), the scapula (shoulder blade), and the humerus (upper arm bone) as well as associated muscles, ligaments and tendons. The articulations between the bones of the shoulder make up the shoulder joints .
The five muscles that comprise the function of the shoulder girdle are the trapezius muscle (upper, middle, and lower), levator scapulae muscle, rhomboid muscles (major and minor), serratus anterior muscle, and pectoralis minor muscle. [3] The shoulder girdle consists of the clavicle and the scapula, which serve to attach the upper limb to the ...
When the shoulder is fixed, levator scapulae rotates to the same side and flexes the cervical spine laterally. When both shoulders are fixed, a simultaneous co-contraction of both levator scapulae muscles in equal amounts would not produce lateral flexion or rotation, and may produce straight flexion or extension of the cervical spine.
In human anatomy, the acromion (from Greek: akros, "highest", ōmos, "shoulder", pl.: acromia) is a bony process on the scapula (shoulder blade). Together with the coracoid process, it extends laterally over the shoulder joint. The acromion is a continuation of the scapular spine, and hooks over anteriorly.
The coracoid process acts as an attachment and origin for a large number of muscles (attached muscles not labeled here). The coracoid process is a thick curved process attached by a broad base to the upper part of the neck of the scapula; [2] it runs at first upward and medially; then, becoming smaller, it changes its direction, and projects forward and laterally.
Avoiding movement of the shoulder joint allows the torn tendon to fully heal. [24] Once the tendon is entirely recovered, passive exercises can be implemented. Passive exercises of the shoulder are movements in which a physical therapist maintains the arm in a particular position, manipulating the rotator cuff without any effort by the patient ...
The bone or other structure the muscle is attached to that remains immobile during the action. The term "bone" is omitted from bone names. Insertion The attachment point of the muscle, on a bone or otherwise, that moves during the action. Artery The artery which supplies the muscle with blood. The term "artery" is included to avoid confusing ...