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Preferring full sunlight, whitebark pine commonly grow on ridges and just below tree line between 1300 and 3700 m (4300–12,100 ft), at higher elevations than most other pines. Their fast growing, deep roots and stout stems buffer them from strong and desiccating mountain winds.
Pinus albicaulis, known by the common names whitebark pine, white bark pine, white pine, pitch pine, scrub pine, and creeping pine, [4] is a conifer tree native to the mountains of the western United States and Canada, specifically subalpine areas of the Sierra Nevada, Cascade Range, Pacific Coast Ranges, Rocky Mountains, and Ruby Mountains.
Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) is a high-elevation tree of the northern Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Northwest. It grows in nearly homogeneous stands on harsh, dry terrain, but is more often found with other conifers in moister, more protected sites.
We are a science-based non-profit dedicated to promoting the conservation of whitebark pine and other high-elevation, five-needle pine ecosystems by supporting restoration, education, management, and research projects that enhance knowledge and stewardship of these valuable ecosystems.
Learn about bristlecone, foxtail, limber and whitebark pines, their ecosystems and the threats that face them.
Whitebark pine is a slow-growing, long-lived tree of the upper subalpine zone. A hardy tree, it has adapted well to tolerating the harsh, exposed conditions near treeline, and can establish itself on inhospitable sites with poor, shallow, rocky soils.
Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) is a hardy, long-lived species. It tolerates the severe conditions found at the highest elevations of Crater Lake National Park. Whitebark pine is a foundation and a keystone species. It plays a vital role in creating and sustaining high elevation plant communities.
Habitat: 6,000′-12,200′, subalpine, arid, exposed—only at the upper reaches of highest peaks throughout the western mountains. Observations: easily seen in the high country of Yosemite, Crater Lake, Mount Rainier, and North Cascades national parks.
Whitebark pine is an ecologically important species in high-altitude areas of the western United States. Its ability to reach cone-producing age is important not only for the survival of the species, but for the animals depend on it.
Stephen F. Arno and Raymond J. Hoff. Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) is a slow-growing, long-lived tree of the high mountains of southwestern Canada and western United States. It is of limited commercial use, but it is valued for watershed protection and esthetics.