Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
The equilibrium constant for a full redox reaction can be obtained from the standard redox potentials of the constituent half-reactions. At equilibrium the potential for the two half-reactions must be equal to each other and, of course, the number of electrons exchanged must be the same in the two half reactions. [32]
relating the equilibrium constant, , for a given equilibrium reaction with substituent R and the reference constant when R is a hydrogen atom to the substituent constant σ which depends only on the specific substituent R and the reaction rate constant ρ which depends only on the type of reaction but not on the substituent used.
At equilibrium, the chemical force driving the forward reaction must be equal to the chemical force driving the reverse reaction. Writing the initial active masses of A,B, A' and B' as p, q, p' and q' and the dissociated active mass at equilibrium as ξ {\displaystyle \xi } , this equality is represented by
If a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium moves to partially reverse the change. For example, adding more S (to the chemical reaction above) from the outside will cause an excess of products, and the system will try to counteract this by increasing the reverse reaction and pushing the ...
The Van 't Hoff equation relates the change in the equilibrium constant, K eq, of a chemical reaction to the change in temperature, T, given the standard enthalpy change, Δ r H ⊖, for the process. The subscript r {\displaystyle r} means "reaction" and the superscript ⊖ {\displaystyle \ominus } means "standard".
An ICE table or RICE box or RICE chart is a tabular system of keeping track of changing concentrations in an equilibrium reaction. ICE stands for initial, change, equilibrium. It is used in chemistry to keep track of the changes in amount of substance of the reactants and also organize a set of conditions that one wants to solve with. [1]
The Boudouard reaction, named after Octave Leopold Boudouard, is the redox reaction of a chemical equilibrium mixture of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide at a given temperature. It is the disproportionation of carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and graphite or its reverse: [ 1 ]
When the reaction is out of equilibrium, . If the reaction has a negative free energy, then ρ < 1 {\displaystyle \rho <1} . For a uni-molecular reaction such as A ⇌ B {\displaystyle A\rightleftharpoons B} , where the net reaction rate is given by the reversible mass-action ratio: