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Extension per unit length unitless 1: Stress: σ: Force per unit oriented surface area Pa L −1 M T −2: order 2 tensor Surface tension: γ: Energy change per unit change in surface area N/m or J/m 2: M T −2: Thermal conductance κ (or) λ: Measure for the ease with which an object conducts heat W/K L 2 M T −3 Θ −1: extensive Thermal ...
The formula to calculate average shear stress τ or force per unit area is: [1] =, where F is the force applied and A is the cross-sectional area.. The area involved corresponds to the material face parallel to the applied force vector, i.e., with surface normal vector perpendicular to the force.
Stefan adhesion is the normal stress (force per unit area) acting between two discs when their separation is attempted. Stefan's law governs the flow of a viscous fluid between the solid parallel plates and thus the forces acting when the plates are approximated or separated.
Surface tension has the dimension of force per unit length, or of energy per unit area. [4] The two are equivalent, but when referring to energy per unit of area, it is common to use the term surface energy , which is a more general term in the sense that it applies also to solids .
The CGS unit of pressure is the barye (Ba), equal to 1 dyn·cm −2, or 0.1 Pa. Pressure is sometimes expressed in grams-force or kilograms-force per square centimetre ("g/cm 2" or "kg/cm 2") and the like without properly identifying the force units. But using the names kilogram, gram, kilogram-force, or gram-force (or their symbols) as units ...
It is usually defined as the ultimate (breaking) force of the fiber (in gram-force units) divided by the denier. Because denier is a measure of the linear density, the tenacity works out to be not a measure of force per unit area, but rather a quasi-dimensionless measure analogous to specific strength. [ 45 ]
It has the physical dimensions of force per unit volume. Force density is a vector field representing the flux density of the hydrostatic force within the bulk of a fluid. Force density is represented by the symbol f, [1] and given by the following equation, where p is the pressure: =. The net force on a differential volume element dV of the ...
Stress is defined as the force across a small boundary per unit area of that boundary, for all orientations of the boundary. [7] Derived from a physical quantity (force) and a purely geometrical quantity (area), stress is also a physical quantity, like velocity, torque or energy , that can be quantified and analyzed without explicit ...