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Griffith's experiment discovering the "transforming principle" in Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcal) bacteria. Griffith's experiment, [1] performed by Frederick Griffith and reported in 1928, [2] was the first experiment suggesting that bacteria are capable of transferring genetic information through a process known as transformation.
Frederick Griffith (1877–1941) was a British bacteriologist whose focus was the epidemiology and pathology of bacterial pneumonia. In January 1928 he reported what is now known as Griffith's experiment , the first widely accepted demonstrations of bacterial transformation , whereby a bacterium distinctly changes its form and function .
Griffith's experiment, reported in 1928 by Frederick Griffith, [23] was the first experiment suggesting that bacteria are capable of transferring genetic information through a process known as transformation.
In Griffith's experiment, mice are injected with dead bacteria of one strain and live bacteria of another, and develop an infection of the dead strain's type. 1928: Frederick Griffith discovers that hereditary material from dead bacteria can be incorporated into live bacteria.
Transformation in bacteria was first demonstrated in 1928 by the British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith. [3] Griffith was interested in determining whether injections of heat-killed bacteria could be used to vaccinate mice against pneumonia.
Horizontal gene transfer was first observed in 1928, in Frederick Griffith's experiment: showing that virulence was able to pass from virulent to non-virulent strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Griffith demonstrated that genetic information can be horizontally transferred between bacteria via a mechanism known as transformation. [2]
In 1928, Frederick Griffith discovered the phenomenon of transformation: dead bacteria could transfer genetic material to "transform" other still-living bacteria. Sixteen years later, in 1944, the Avery–MacLeod–McCarty experiment identified DNA as the molecule responsible for transformation. [28]
January – Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly proving the existence of DNA. [1] [2]September 28 – Scottish-born microbiologist Alexander Fleming, at St Mary's Hospital, London, accidentally rediscovers the antibiotic which he will call Penicillin, [3] [4] forgotten since Ernest Duchesne's original discovery in 1896.