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African Americans established schools, including secondary schools, for freed people in Virginia soon after the start of the American Civil War (1861–1865). [129] The schools were taught by white and black teachers, the latter of whom taught longer than whites throughout Reconstruction. [129]
During the Atlantic slave trade, starting in the 16th century, Portuguese slave traders brought large numbers of African people across the Atlantic to work in their colonies in the Americas, such as Brazil. An estimated 4.9 million people from Africa were brought to Brazil during the period from 1501 to 1866. [6]
Before the passing of the 1705 Virginia Slave Code Act, African Americans served as indentured servants. [citation needed] [clarification needed] This law, after being passed, transformed servitude into slavery, turning many African Americans from extended servitude to a bonded and forced lifetime commitment to slavery.
African Americans are the largest racial minority in Virginia. According to the 2010 Census, more than 1.5 million, or one in five Virginians is "Black or African American". African Americans were enslaved in the state. [3] As of the 2020 U.S. Census, African Americans were 18.6% of the state's population. [4]
Anthony Johnson (b. c. 1600 – d. 1670) was a man from Angola who achieved wealth in the early 17th-century Colony of Virginia.Held as an "indentured servant" in 1621, he earned his freedom after several years and was granted land by the colony.
William Tucker was born near Jamestown of the Colony of Virginia c. 1624, [4] and appears on the Virginia Muster of 1624/5, the first comprehensive census made in North America. [5] His parents were Isabell and Anthony, African indentured servants. [2] [4] When he was born, there were 22 Africans in the colony, most of whom arrived in 1619. [2]
They were still considered to be indentured servants, like the approximately 4000 white indentured people, since a slave law was not passed in the colony until 1661. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] At the turn of the century, an increase in the Atlantic slave trade enabled planters to purchase enslaved labor, in lieu of bonded labor (indentured servants and ...
Some historians assert that Gabriel became the leader of the planned rebellion because he was highly intelligent, literate, and a blacksmith. Enslaved and free African-American men in Virginia taught their metalwork skills to their sons. [13] During the spring and summer of 1800, Gabriel began planning a revolt to end slavery in Virginia. [12]