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National Indigenous Peoples Day recognizes the vast cultures and contributions of Indigenous peoples to the history of Canada. [15] First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples of all backgrounds have become prominent figures and have served as role models in the Indigenous community and help to shape the Canadian cultural identity. [16]
The native peoples of the Pacific coast also make totem poles, a trait attributed to other tribes as well. In 2000 a land claim was settled between the Nisga'a people of British Columbia and the provincial government, resulting in the return of over 2,000 square kilometres of land to the Nisga'a. Major ethnicities include the: Coast Salish peoples
Collectively, First Nations (Indians), [5] Inuit, [11] and Métis [12] peoples constitute Indigenous peoples in Canada, Indigenous peoples of the Americas, or "first peoples". [13] First Nation as a term became officially used by the government beginning in 1980s to replace the term Indian band in referring to groups of Indians with common ...
1961 In the early 1960s, the National Indian Council was created in 1961 to represent indigenous people of Canada, including treaty/status Indians, non-status Indians, the Métis people, though not the Inuit. [156] 1960s The Sixties Scoop was coined by Patrick Johnston in his 1983 report Native Children and the Child Welfare System.
Map with areas labelled where the Truth and Reconciliation Commission held outreach and statement-gathering events over the impact of residential schools with the indigenous peoples. In 2008, the Government of Canada formally apologized to the indigenous peoples of Canada for the residential school system and the damage it caused. [244]
Canadian history has evolved significantly over the years, with early interpretations often downplaying or denying the extent of violence and harm inflicted on Indigenous peoples. [168] In more recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the systemic nature of the atrocities perpetrated against Indigenous peoples in Canada. [169]
Of the 36.3 million people enumerated in 2021 approximately 25.4 million reported being White, representing 69.8 percent of the population. [2] [8] The indigenous population representing 5 percent or 1.8 million individuals, grew by 9.4 percent compared to the non-Indigenous population, which grew by 5.3 percent from 2016 to 2021. [9]
The Native American communities each had its own government, connected with the French by geography and by formal and informal agreements. [5] The majority of the residents in the four western towns were closely related to the Iroquois of the Six Nations — mostly Mohawk (Kanesetake, Kahnawake, and Akwesasne) or Oneida,Onondaga and Cayuga ...