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Composition of IQ Gains. The Flynn effect is the substantial and long-sustained increase in both fluid and crystallized intelligence test scores that were measured in many parts of the world over the 20th century, named after researcher James Flynn (1934–2020).
Evidence shows that education and intelligence have a complex interaction, and this is demonstrated in a longitudinal study by Richards and Sacker. [9] They collected data from the British 1946 birth cohort and investigated how childhood intelligence was predictive of other outcomes later in life including educational attainment and mental ability at 53 years old (using the National Adult ...
Arthur Jensen "How Much Can We Boost IQ and Achievement?" is a 1969 article by Arthur Jensen published in the Harvard Educational Review. [1] Controversy over the article led to the coining of the term Jensenism, [2] defined as the theory that IQ is largely determined by genes, including racial heritage. [3]
IQ and educational attainment are strongly correlated (estimates range form .40 to over .60. [11]) There is controversy, however, as to whether education affects intelligence – it may be both a dependent and independent variable with regard to IQ. [4] A study by Ceci illustrates the numerous ways in which education can affect intelligence.
This increase in supporting tissues, which include myelination, blood vessels, and glial cells, leads to an increase in overall brain size. [1] When brain circumference and IQ were compared in 9 year olds, a positive correlation was found between the two. An increase of 2.87 IQ points occurred for each standard deviation increase in brain ...
For example, statistics from 1993 indicate that in the U.S., Black students represented 16.2% of public school students, but only constituted 8.4% of students enrolled in gifted education programs. Similarly, while Hispanic students represented 9% of public school students, these students only represented 4.7% of those identified as gifted. [ 55 ]
The side-gig industry is still booming, but not all side gigs are created equal and not all people doing them make enough money to justify the time and effort involved. According to Self, just ...
An intelligence quotient (IQ) is a total score derived from a set of standardized tests or subtests designed to assess human intelligence. [1] Originally, IQ was a score obtained by dividing a person's mental age score, obtained by administering an intelligence test, by the person's chronological age, both expressed in terms of years and months.