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Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a condition in which there is compression of the nerves, arteries, or veins in the superior thoracic aperture, the passageway from the lower neck to the armpit, also known as the thoracic outlet. [1] There are three main types: neurogenic, venous, and arterial. [1]
[1] [2] This disorder is the cause of 20% of thoracic aortic aneurysms [3] [4] Some families affected by this condition have shown mild versions of some symptoms that are associated with Marfan syndrome and Loeys-Dietz syndrome, these signs include tall stature, joint hypermobility, cutaneous stretch marks, and either pectus excavatum or pectus ...
A stent graft placed in the thoracic aorta to treat a thoracic aortic aneurysm. The size cut off for aortic aneurysm is crucial to its treatment. A thoracic aorta greater than 4.5 cm is generally defined as aneurysmal, while a size greater than 5.5 cm is the distinction for treatment, which can be either endovascular or surgical, with the ...
Pectoralis minor syndrome (PMS) is a condition related to thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) that results from the pectoralis minor muscle being too tight. [1] PMS results from the brachial plexus being compressed under the pectoralis minor [2] while TOS involves compression of the bundle above the clavicle. In most patients, the nerves are ...
Familial thoracic aortic aneurysm is an autosomal dominant [1] disorder of large arteries. There is an association between familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and Marfan syndrome as well as other hereditary connective tissue disorders.
An aneurysm is an outward bulging, likened to a bubble or balloon, caused by a localized, abnormal, weak spot on a blood vessel wall. [1] Aneurysms may be a result of a hereditary condition or an acquired disease. Aneurysms can also be a nidus (starting point) for clot formation and embolization.
It may develop as a sequela of thoracic outlet syndrome. It is differentiated from secondary causes of upper extremity thrombosis caused by intravascular catheters . [ 4 ] Paget–Schroetter syndrome was described once for a viola player who suddenly increased practice time 10-fold, creating enough repetitive pressure against the ...
Aortic aneurysm: Aortic aneurysms, particularly when they rupture or dissect, cause sudden, severe chest or back pain often described as tearing or ripping. Thoracic aortic aneurysms are usually asymptomatic until they expand or rupture at which point they often have a >94% mortality rate [17].