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  2. Scoria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scoria

    Scoria is a pyroclastic, highly vesicular, dark-colored volcanic rock formed by ejection from a volcano as a molten blob and cooled in the air to form discrete grains called clasts. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is typically dark in color (brown, black or purplish-red), and basaltic or andesitic in composition.

  3. Volcanic rock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_rock

    Volcanic rocks (often shortened to volcanics in scientific contexts) are rocks formed from lava erupted from a volcano. Like all rock types, the concept of volcanic rock is artificial, and in nature volcanic rocks grade into hypabyssal and metamorphic rocks and constitute an important element of some sediments and sedimentary rocks .

  4. List of rock types - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_rock_types

    Trachybasalt – Volcanic rock – A volcanic rock with a composition between basalt and trachyte Hawaiite – Volcanic rock – a sodic type of trachybasalt, typically formed by ocean island volcanism; Trachyte – Extrusive igneous rock – A silica-undersaturated volcanic rock; essentially a feldspathoid-bearing rhyolite

  5. Adakite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adakite

    Cerro Mackay, a mountain in Coyhaique in Chile, made of columns of adakite [1] Closer view of the adakite columns of Cerro Mackay, Chile. Adakites are volcanic rocks of intermediate to felsic composition that have geochemical characteristics of magma originally thought to have formed by partial melting of altered basalt that is subducted below volcanic arcs. [2]

  6. Fiamme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiamme

    Fiamme in the Resting Spring Tuff near Shoshone, California. Rocks from the Bishop tuff, uncompressed with pumice on left; compressed with fiamme on right.. Fiamme are lens-shapes, usually millimetres to centimetres in size, seen on surfaces of some volcaniclastic rocks.

  7. Lithophysa - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithophysa

    The term vug is also used for similar cavities although the meaning of vug is usually restricted to cavities in rocks formed by the removal of material such as soluble minerals. These cavities usually contain layers of various colors (red, pink, gray, etc.) composed by crystals of quartz, [ 1 ] chalcedony , [ 3 ] hematite , fluorite [ 4 ] and ...

  8. Sonoma Volcanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonoma_Volcanics

    Geologic map of the Sonoma Volcanics. The Sonoma Volcanics are a geologic formation of volcanic origin that is widespread in Napa and Sonoma counties, California.Most of the formation is Pliocene in age and includes obsidian, perlitic glass, diatomaceous mud, pyroclastic tuff, pumice, rhyolite tuffs, andesite breccias and interbedded volcanic lava flows.

  9. Trachybasalt - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trachybasalt

    Trachybasalt is a volcanic rock with a composition between trachyte and basalt. It resembles basalt but has a high content of alkali metal oxides . Minerals in trachybasalt include alkali feldspar , calcic plagioclase , olivine , clinopyroxene and likely very small amounts of leucite or analcime .