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Typographical symbols and punctuation marks are marks and symbols used in typography with a variety of purposes such as to help with legibility and accessibility, or to identify special cases.
The plus–minus sign or plus-or-minus sign (±) and the complementary minus-or-plus sign (∓) are symbols with broadly similar multiple meanings. In mathematics , the ± sign generally indicates a choice of exactly two possible values, one of which is obtained through addition and the other through subtraction .
The plus sign (+) and the minus sign (−) are mathematical symbols used to denote positive and negative functions, respectively. In addition, + represents the operation of addition , which results in a sum , while − represents subtraction , resulting in a difference . [ 1 ]
± (plus–minus sign) 1. Denotes either a plus sign or a minus sign. 2. Denotes the range of values that a measured quantity may have; for example, 10 ± 2 denotes an unknown value that lies between 8 and 12. ∓ (minus-plus sign) Used paired with ±, denotes the opposite sign; that is, + if ± is –, and – if ± is +.
In logic, a set of symbols is commonly used to express logical representation. The following table lists many common symbols, together with their name, how they should be read out loud, and the related field of mathematics.
An overline, overscore, or overbar, is a typographical feature of a horizontal line drawn immediately above the text. In old mathematical notation, an overline was called a vinculum, a notation for grouping symbols which is expressed in modern notation by parentheses, though it persists for symbols under a radical sign.
hyphen-minus, plus, minus, and en-dash characters in proportional and monospaced fonts In early typewriters and character encodings , a single key/code was almost always used for hyphen, minus, various dashes, and strikethrough, since they all have a roughly similar appearance.
single straight underline for italic type; single wavy underline for bold type; double straight underline for SMALL CAPS; double underline of one straight line and one wavy line for bold italic; triple underline for FULL CAPITAL LETTERS (used among small caps or to change text already typed as lower case).