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The Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XXV, alternatively 25th Dynasty or Dynasty 25), also known as the Nubian Dynasty, the Kushite Empire, the Black Pharaohs, [2] [3] or the Napatans, after their capital Napata, [4] was the last dynasty of the Third Intermediate Period of Egypt that occurred after the Kushite invasion.
El-Kurru was the first of the three royal cemeteries used by the Kushite royals of Napata, also referred to as Egypt's 25th Dynasty, and is home to some of the royal Nubian Pyramids. [1] It is located between the 3rd and 4th cataracts of the Nile about 1 mile (1.6 km) west of the river in what is now Northern state, Sudan. [2]
The expedition from the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) from 2000 to 2005 showed a more complex cemetery of the New Kingdom period (c. 1400 – 1069 BCE) with continuity into the Napatan period through at least the Kushite, 25th Dynasty of Egypt (c. 1069 – 650 BCE), including various types of tombs in both Egyptian and Nubian ...
Some sources credit Kashta as the founder of the 25th dynasty since he was the first Kushite king known to have expanded his kingdom's influence into Upper Egypt. [13] Under Kashta's reign, the native Kushite population of his kingdom, situated between the third and fourth Cataracts of the Nile , became rapidly 'Egyptianized' and adopted ...
Moreover, it is improbable that Taharqa, perhaps one of the most powerful Kushite kings of the Nubian 25th dynasty for the first 18 years of his reign, would have tolerated the existence of a rival line of native Egyptian kings at Sais during the first half of his reign when he exercised full control over Memphis and the Delta region.
25th Dynasty. Piye established the Twenty-fifth Dynasty and appointed the defeated rulers as his provincial governors. He was succeeded first by his brother, Shabaka, and then by his two sons Shebitku and Taharqa. The reunited Nile valley empire of the 25th Dynasty was as large as it had been since the New Kingdom.
The Assyrian reconquest effectively ended Nubian control over Egypt, although Tantamani's authority was still recognised in Upper Egypt until his 8th Year in 656 BCE, when Psamtik I's navy peacefully took control of Thebes and effectively unified all of Egypt. These events marked the start of the Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt.
Kushite royal pyramids in Meroë. The system of royal succession in the Kingdom of Kush is not well understood. [4] There are no known administrative documents or histories written by the Kushites themselves; [5] because very little of the royal genealogy can be reliably reconstructed, it is impossible to determine how the system functioned in theory and when or if it was ever broken. [6]