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The Kingdom of Polonnaruwa [note 1] (Sinhala: පොළොන්නරුව රාජධානිය, romanized: Polonnaruwa Rājādhaniya) was the Sinhalese kingdom that expanded across the island of Sri Lanka and several overseas territories, from 1070 until 1232.
The second oldest of all Sri Lanka's kingdoms, Polonnaruwa was first established as a military post by the Sinhalese kingdom. [1] It was renamed Jananathamangalam by the Chola dynasty after their successful invasion of the country's then capital, Anuradhapura, in the 10th century. The Ancient City of Polonnaruwa has been declared a World ...
During the two millennia of Sinhalese kingdoms, other political entities also existed on the island, including the Jaffna Kingdom, [9] the Vanni chieftaincies and the Portuguese and Dutch colonies. [10] These political entities are considered separate from the Sinhala Kingdoms. [11] [12] A separate page lists the monarchs of the Jaffna Kingdom.
The Polonnaruwa period was a period in the history of Sri Lanka from 1017, after the Chola conquest of Anuradhapura and when the center of administration was moved to Polonnaruwa, to the end of the Kingdom of Polonnaruwa in 1232. The Kingdom of Polonnaruwa was the second major Sinhalese kingdom of Sri Lanka. It lasted from 1055 under Vijayabahu ...
Polonnaruwa was renamed “Vijayarajapura” and chosen as the capital, making Vijayabahu the first Sinhala king of the Polonnaruwa kingdom. The coronation ceremony was held in a palace built for this purpose in Anuradhapura, the former capital of the country. [16] Vijayabahu took Lilavati, the daughter of Jagatipala of Ayodhya as his queen.
Kalyanavati was the second female monarch to rule the Polonnaruwa kingdom. A member of the House of Kalinga, she was the widow of king Nissanka Malla. In 1202, the chief of the army, Ayasmanta, deposed king Sahassa Malla, and placed queen Kalyanavati on the throne as his successor. [4]
Nissanka Malla (Sinhala: නිස්සංක මල්ල), also known as Keerti Nissanka and Kalinga Lokesvara was a king of Polonnaruwa who ruled the country from 1187 to 1196. [1] He is known for his architectural constructions such as the Nissanka Lata Mandapaya, Hatadage and Rankot Vihara, as well as for the refurbishment of old temples ...
Parākramabāhu I (Sinhala: මහා පරාක්රමබාහු, c. 1123–1186), [2] or Parakramabahu the Great, was the king of Polonnaruwa from 1153 to 1186. He oversaw the expansion and beautification of his capital, [3]: 7 constructed extensive irrigation systems, reorganised the country's army, reformed Buddhist practices, encouraged the arts and undertook military campaigns ...