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Austria, [e] formally the Republic of Austria, [f] is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. [15] It is a federation of nine states , one of which is the capital, Vienna , the most populous city and state.
The main native language of Austria outside Vorarlberg is Austro-Bavarian. It has approximately 8.3 million speakers in Austria. [6] The north-eastern parts of Austria (with the capital Vienna) speak Central Austro-Bavarian dialects and the southern parts Southern Austro-Bavarian dialects.
The following is a list of the 20 largest cities and towns in Austria by population: Vienna, capital of Austria Graz Linz Salzburg Innsbruck Klagenfurt am Wörthersee Sankt Pölten Bregenz Eisenstadt Villach. The capitals of the federal states are shown in bold face.
From 1804, Aš with Bohemia belonged to the Austrian Empire, and after the Compromise of 1867 to Austria-Hungary. From 1868 until 1918, the town was head of the Asch district , one of the 94 Bezirkshauptmannschaften in Bohemia. [13] Aš was linked to the Eger (Cheb)–Hof railway line in 1864, with a branch-off to Saxon Adorf opened in 1885.
Until 1918, the spoken standard in Austria was the Schönbrunner Deutsch, a sociolect spoken by the imperial Habsburg family and the nobility of Austria-Hungary. The sociolect, a variety of Standard German, is influenced by Viennese German and other Austro-Bavarian dialects spoken in eastern Austria but is slightly nasalized. [12] [13] [note 1]
Austria is a federal republic consisting of nine federal states. [a] The European Commission calls them provinces. [1]Austrian federal states can pass laws that stay within the limits of the constitution, and each federal state has representatives in the main Austrian parliament.
In 1756, the ruling Archduchess of Austria, Maria Theresa, ordered that the Viennese klafter as well as its multiples and fractions, should be the state-defined measure of length in the Archduchy of Austria and the Kingdom of Hungary. The Viennese cubit, that is 1 3 ⁄ 4 of the Roman cubit (cubitus or elbow), was also used as a measure of length.
Messe Wien Congress Center Austria Center Vienna (ACV) Vienna generates 25.1% of Austria's GDP, making it the highest performing regional economy of the country. It has a GDP per capita of €56,600€ as of 2024. The unemployment rate in Vienna is 9.6% as of 2022, which is the highest of all the states. [77]