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If the tibia pulls forward or backward more than normal, the test is considered positive. Excessive displacement of the tibia anteriorly suggests that the anterior cruciate ligament is injured, whereas excessive posterior displacement of the tibia may indicate injury of the posterior cruciate ligament. [3]
The posterior drawer test is one of the tests used by doctors and physiotherapists to detect injury to the PCL. An additional test of posterior cruciate ligament injury is the posterior sag test, where, in contrast to the drawer test, no active force is applied.
Similar to anterior drawer test, the knee should be flexed 90 degrees and the tibia is pushed backwards. If the tibia can be pushed posteriorly, then the posterior drawer test is positive. In tibial sag test, both knees are flexed at 90 degrees with the person in supine position and bilateral feet touching the bed.
An additional test of posterior cruciate ligament injury is the posterior sag test, where, in contrast to the drawer test, no active force is applied. Rather, the person lies supine with the leg held by another person so that the hip is flexed to 90 degrees and the knee 90 degrees. [ 11 ]
Diagnosis may be suspected based on the history of the injury and physical examination [5] which may include anterior drawer test, valgus stress test, varus stress test, and posterior sag test. [5] An accurate physical exam can be difficult due to pain. [5] Plain X-rays, CT scan, ultrasonography, or MRI may help with the diagnosis.
Increased posterior translation on the posterior drawer test indicates a combined posterior cruciate ligament tear with the PCL injury. Figure 4 Test - The patient lies supine and flexes their affected knee to approximately 90° then crosses it over the normal side with the foot across the knee and the hip externally rotated. The practitioner ...
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Kveim test: Morten Ansgar Kveim: pulmonary medicine: sarcoidosis: intradermal injection of lymphatic extract from known sufferer; obsolete Lachman maneuver: John Lachman: orthopedic surgery: anterior cruciate ligament injury: modified anterior drawer test with knee in less flexion Ladin's sign: Louis Julius Ladin, Lithuanian-American ...