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In chemistry, polyvalency (or polyvalence, multivalency) is the property of molecules and larger species, such as antibodies, medical drugs, and even nanoparticles surface-functionalized with ligands, like spherical nucleic acids, that exhibit more than one supramolecular interaction.
Polyvalence or polyvalent may refer to: Polyvalency (chemistry), chemical species, generally atoms or molecules, which exhibit more than one chemical valence; Polyvalence (music), the musical use of more than one harmonic function of a tonality simultaneously; Polyvalent antibody, a group of antibodies that have affinity for various antigens
Polytonality (also polyharmony [1]) is the musical use of more than one key simultaneously. Bitonality is the use of only two different keys at the same time.Polyvalence or polyvalency is the use of more than one harmonic function, from the same key, at the same time.
Open access (mostly green and gratis) began to be sought and provided worldwide by researchers when the possibility itself was opened by the advent of Internet and the World Wide Web. The momentum was further increased by a growing movement for academic journal publishing reform, and with it gold and libre OA.
Gratis (/ ˈ ɡ r ɑː t ɪ s /) in English is adopted from the various Romance and Germanic languages, ultimately descending from the plural ablative and dative form of the first-declension noun grātia in Latin. It means "free" in the sense that some goods or service is supplied without need for payment, even though it may have value.
There are a number of different definitions of free content in regular use. Legally, however, free content is very similar to open content.An analogy is a use of the rival terms free software and open-source, which describe ideological differences rather than legal ones.
Polysemy (/ p ə ˈ l ɪ s ɪ m i / or / ˈ p ɒ l ɪ ˌ s iː m i /; [1] [2] from Ancient Greek πολύ-(polý-) 'many' and σῆμα (sêma) 'sign') is the capacity for a sign (e.g. a symbol, a morpheme, a word, or a phrase) to have multiple related meanings.
Freeware is software, most often proprietary, that is distributed at no monetary cost to the end user.There is no agreed-upon set of rights, license, or EULA that defines freeware unambiguously; every publisher defines its own rules for the freeware it offers.